The Plate Room
Every image here comes from the family's own papers or from an archive that sent them on request. Click any plate to read what it shows; arrow keys move through the set.
329 images · 100 registers · 86 Documents · 57 field2026 · 21 Photographs · 19 Gračišće registers · 14 Graves · 10 Camp cards · 9 Places · 7 carnia · 5 gologorica · 1 liznjan
Medulin «Liber Defunctorum», page 33, the whole of 1873 so the year stands with the entry. Fourth line from the foot, annual number 139: «Maria (Defranceschi) Ant. Verinic uxor» — Maria, née Defranceschi, wife of Antonio Verinic — died 16 November 1873, aged 78 (the figure corrected in the ink), «mors ord[inaria]». The parentheses are the scribe's maiden-name convention, and the very next line proves it: «Maria (Vrinic q. Nic.) vid. Georgii Lorenzin» — Maria née Vrinic, widow of Georgio Lorenzin. Seventy-eight in 1873 means born about 1795 — the same generation as the Ližnjan groom of 1815 and the soldier who died here in 1833.
Medulin «Liber Defunctorum», page 12, the whole of the year 1833 so the column headings and the year stand with the entry. Line 9, annual number 43: «Mathæus Defranceschi q. Ant. fil. miles» — Mathæus Defranceschi, son of the late Antonio, a soldier — died 19 December 1833, aged 40, of «chronicus morb[us]». The month is a ditto of «Xbris» on the line above. Forty in December 1833 means born about 1793. The lines either side are given deliberately: the same scribe writing «Lorenzin», «Longovich» and «Radossevich» at one magnification, none of which the surname can be confused with. ⚠ Read at scale the cause looked like «dissenteria»; at native resolution it is «chronicus morb.» — the magnification changed the reading, which is why the rule exists.
A studio portrait: Josip seated in a light suit and loose cravat, Anna in a dark bodice with the high collar and gathered shoulders of the 1890s, the baby Ante across her lap in a striped romper. The painted backdrop and the vignetted edge are the marks of a small provincial photographer.
from Family collection (Omiš branch)
A man in a white peaked cap, shirtsleeves and wide trousers, seated on a rush-bottomed chair against a whitewashed wall, a barefoot boy leaning on his shoulder. Zane is the Venetian form of Giovanni — the same name the parish clerks wrote as Zuane.
from Family collection (Omiš branch)
A group photograph kept with the Omiš papers; the family's note places Zane in the middle of the front row.
from Family collection (Omiš branch)
Dated by the family to 1932. Note the surname as written on the print: Franceschi, without the particle — the Omiš branch dropped and resumed it by turns.
from Family collection (Omiš branch)
Frane is the Croatian form of Francesco; the surname on this print is spelled the Croatian way, Defranceski.
from Family collection (Omiš branch)
The historian of Istria, born at Gologorica in 1809, photographed late in life: round spectacles, white beard, dark stock. He died in 1893.
from Reproduced in the Seget monograph
The French-zone camp card. Petar, born 15 June 1913 at Crikvenica, Yugoslav, profession auto-mécanicien, employer's address Kelterstr. 30 Neuhausen, married. Five fingerprints in red, a passport photograph clipped at the top right, file 148.902 / 30609.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
Born 1 April 1921, Yugoslav, auto-mécanicien, married. File 148.901 / 30560. The same trade as Petar, and the same camp office.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
Born 1922, no profession recorded, married. In the photograph she wears a cross at her throat and holds her infant son, who is not named here: he is Anton Mario De Franceski, born 21 August 1944 at Reutlingen, who sailed with them to Australia at four and died in 1999. This caption said «he was born in 1944 and may be living» long after the archive had his grave; corrected 23 September 2026.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
“Aufstellung über die in der Zeit vom 1. Sept. 1939 – 25. April 1945 in der Vorstadt Pfullingen gemeldet gewesenen Ausländer. Hier: Kroatien.” Drawn up at Reutlingen-Pfullingen on 10 March 1947. Six Defranceskis are listed, five of them born at Crikvenica.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
The tracing-service wrapper for the family: Petar, his wife Luise née Salzer of Neuhausen, and two daughters born at Urach and Metzingen during the war.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
The IRO care-and-maintenance application, 7 November 1947. Petar gives his nationality at birth as Austria-Hungary, his address as Kelternstr. 30 Neuhausen, and the country he wants to be resettled in as the United States — California.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
Residences, trades and schooling: Split 1937–39 with Jugoslav Lloyd as a ship's engineer, then Germany from April 1939; car-mechanic examination at Reutlingen in 1947; a truck valued at 15,000 among his assets; and an aunt, Jacomina Alafetić, at San Pedro, California.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
Felix, born 1908 at Crikvenica, single, living at Pfullingerlandstraße in Reutlingen. Employers from July 1941: Hermann Sauer of Pfullingen as a motor mechanic, then Wilhelm Heim as a driver, then Sauer again.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
Ivan, born June 1925 at Crikvenica, single, Brunnenstraße 7, Pfullingen. He entered work on 21 October 1941, aged sixteen, as a Hilfsarbeiter — an unskilled hand.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
Marked “Kroate” in the top margin. Employed by Hermann Sauer of Reutlingen on motor-vehicle repairs from 1 April 1942 to 2 March 1945 — the card runs out three weeks before the French army reached the town.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
Below the employment lines, a clerk has pencilled a short life: in Croatia 1936–43; taken by the Partisans in 1943; three or four months in captivity; then straight to Germany.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
Certified by the mayor of Pfullingen, Kreis Reutlingen, on 28 February 1950: Anton Defranceski, born 20 January 1890 at Crikvenica, Croatia-Yugoslavia, lodged at Pfullingen, workplace Hermann Sauer, Reutlingen-Süd.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
Lines 58–60 of a nominal roll dated 22 February 1949: Zdrafko, Ruža and their son, Yugoslavs from Crikvenica and Fužine, at Reutlingen, with IRO numbers against each name.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
The Pazin State Archive answers a request made eight days earlier: the copy from the Gračišće birth register for Josip Defranceschi is enclosed. Itemised at 117 kuna — research 50, certified A3 copy 7, overseas postage 60.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu (DAPA)
Certified and stamped by the Pazin State Archive. The register is ruled for house number, the child's name and date of birth, religion, sex, legitimacy, both parents with the father's condition, the godparents and the midwife. The entry taken out for this family is Josephus, born 22 March 1863, son of Antonius Defranceschi, lapicida — a stonecutter.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu (DAPA), MKR Gračišće 1841–1899
A second answer, this time for Antonius Defranceschi and his family, and for Giovanni Battista Defranceschi and his family — the two Status Animarum entries opposite. 124 kuna.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu (DAPA)
The book of souls for the parish of Gallignana. House 5: Joan. Bapt. Defranceschi, agricola, born 13 August 1787, married 1819, died September 1846; his wife Francisca Salomon, born 17 March 1797; and SEVEN names in all — four sons, Raymundus (1823), Antonius (20 September 1825), Joannes (1833) and Franciscus Liberatus (1840), and TWO DAUGHTERS the earlier wording of this caption left out: Leopoldina Maria (17 November 1829) and Regina Theresia (19 June 1830 or 1836 — this archive's files disagree and the photocopy will not settle it). The book lists sons first, then daughters, so the dates do not run in order. ⚠ Francisca, born 3 February 1819, who came out of «Parochia Gallignana sub N.ᵒ 5» to Gologorica in 1840, is NOT among them: the children of this couple begin in 1823 and the marriage is 1819, so she belongs to the generation before.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu (DAPA), ZM34K 217, M01072071
House 19: † Antonius Defranceschi q. Joannis — son of the late Giovanni — born 20 September 1825, married 25 November 1856, died 4 August 1894; his wife Maria née Fernasar, born 17 October 1832; and their children Antonius, Josephus, Leopolda, Catharina and Modestus.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu (DAPA), ZM34K 217, M01071656
Entry 2 for 1864 in the baptismal register of Ledenice, the Vinodol parish above Crikvenica. Anna, legitimate, daughter of Josephus Kalanj and Rosalia née Perković, at Klenovica house 22; godparents Josephus Ban and his wife Anna; baptised by Vincentius Segulja, parish priest. The other entries on the page are Perković, Butković, Mataija, Semper — the surnames of one valley.
from Državni arhiv / matične knjige, Ledenice
The Pisino marriage register, 13 September 1842. Antonius Covach, 22, of house 33, marries Hedwiges Mrak, 17, of house 30. In the column for witnesses: «Carolus Defranceschi» and «Aegidius Mrach», and against their names their conditions — «I. R. Auscultans» and «studiosus». Imperial-Royal Auscultator was the entry rank of the Austrian judicial service. Carlo was thirty-two.
from Hrvatski državni arhiv, HDA 583
The whole opening, pages 124–125, in place of the single strip this site carried before. Entry 9, the last on the page: Anton Rudolf, born 20 January 1890, baptised 9 February, legitimate, son of «Josip Defranceschi i žena Ana Kalanj rodjena». Residence «Klenovica kbr. 22», written over «Gallignana u Istriji — za vičajno mjesto roditelja», Gallignana in Istria as the parents' place of settlement. Godfather Jakov Kalanj of that same house 22 — his mother's people — with Pavlina Trković; baptised by Matej Butković, parish priest. The full page adds three things the strip cut off. In pencil above the child's name, in a later hand: «vjenčao se na Crikvenici», he married at Crikvenica. In the remarks column, why the birth happened here at all: «Roditelji djeteta nahodeć se kod svojih u Klenovici, t.j. kod roditelja žene Ane, dobiše ovo djete, koje je u ovoj župnoj crkvi i kršteno» — the child's parents, being with their own people at Klenovica, that is with the parents of the wife Ana, had this child, and it was baptised in this parish church. And down the outer margin, the printer's line: «Tisak H. Luster u Senju» — printed by H. Luster at Senj.
from Matične knjige, Ledenice / Klenovica
27 February 1794, dispensed from the third banns by the Bishop: in the church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the marriage of Dominus Joannes Vorkret and Domicella Nodburga Defranceschi, blessed by Canon Antonius de Agnesis, in the presence of the Vice-Governor Aloysius de Orlando and the noble Antonio Maria ab Orebich, assessor of the community of Buccari. Notburga is a Tyrolean saint's name, and an odd one to find on the Kvarner coast.
from Matične knjige, Bakar (Buccari)
A second IRO application, completed at Bolzano on 10 May 1950. Antonio Defranceschi, born 18 January 1905 at Zara, ethnic group Italian, son of Riccardo and Giuseppina Zersuscek; his wife Antonietta née Stipanovich, born 1910, daughter of Sabino Stipanovich and Maria Lovrich. Clerk at Zara to 1941, then a soldier in the Italian army until the capitulation, then Zara again until January 1944, then Italy. Twice across the form, in blue crayon: NOT WITHIN THE MANDATE OF IRO.
from International Tracing Service / Arolsen Archives
Atti di morte no. 28, San Daniele del Friuli, 12 August 1899: at five in the morning there died in the Civic Hospital «De Franceschi Edoardo, di anni quarantotto, già Ufficiale, nato in Zara e domiciliato in Zara, figlio del fu Giovanni e della fu Zenardi Maria, coniugato a Pappafava Regina» — a former officer of Zadar, forty-eight, seven hundred kilometres from home.
from Comune di San Daniele del Friuli, Atti di morte
Atti di morte no. 19, 30 March 1895, in the same hospital four years earlier: «De Franceschi Pietro, di anni quarantaquattro, mura…» — a mason, forty-four. The trade of the Gračišće line, in the country the family says it came from.
from Comune di San Daniele del Friuli, Atti di morte
A hand-tinted studio portrait: dark hair swept back, a full beard, a bow tie. This archive published it as Josip Defranceschi of Crikvenica, born at Gračišće in 1863 — David's great-grandfather. That was wrong. The photograph belongs to the Imotski branch and the sitter is a Josip of that family, not of this line. The mistake is David's own family collection having the two branches' pictures in one place, and this archive assuming the face on a card matched the name it was filed under. No likeness of the Crikvenica Josip is known to this archive. Corrected 9 September 2026 on David's identification.
from Family collection (Imotski branch)
A young woman in a high-necked dress with lace at the cuffs, hair dressed up, hand resting on a chair back, tinted the same warm brown by the same hand. Its whole identification rested on being the matched half of the portrait beside it — and that man has turned out to be an Imotski Josip, not the Crikvenica one. So this is very probably his wife and of the same branch, but this archive is not going to name her a second time on the strength of the reasoning that failed the first. Unidentified until someone who holds the originals says otherwise. (open)
from Family collection — branch now uncertain
A standing stone with a cross and two oval porcelain medallions — a woman, and a man in a fedora. «Ovdje počiva u miru Božjem — ANA DE. FRANCESCHI — ✱ 19.IX.1863 ✝ 28.V.1936». Here rests in God's peace. Below the dates the word «suprug», husband, begins a second inscription that the photograph cuts off.
from Family collection (Crikvenica)
Anton Rudolf's wife, and the mother of the four brothers who ended up in Württemberg. Seated, in the loose drop-waisted dress of the early 1920s, something folded in her lap. The print is worn to the emulsion at every corner.
from Family collection (Crikvenica)
Colour, 1960s or 70s. She sits among stacked café chairs on a seafront, a small child standing against her knee, a traffic policeman in white passing behind. The child is not named here.
from Family collection (Crikvenica)
A studio portrait in a double-breasted pinstripe. Set this beside the photograph clipped to his French camp card in 1947 and it is plainly the same man: the same long jaw, the same swept hair.
from Family collection (Crikvenica)
A young man in a leather flying helmet with the goggles pushed up on his forehead, and a sheepskin-collared flying jacket. The family's own caption calls him Peter Senior, a pilot in the war. Nothing in the displaced-persons file mentions flying: there he is a ship's engineer with Jugoslav Lloyd, and then a motor mechanic.
from Family collection (Crikvenica)
A studio portrait in a wide-lapelled pinstripe suit, hair oiled back — the same face as the French camp card of 1947, a few years and a good deal of trouble apart.
from Family collection (Crikvenica)
«IN LOVING REMEMBRANCE OF ZDRAVKO FRANK DEFRANCESKI — DIED 22ND DECEMBER 1979 AGED 58 — BELOVED HUSBAND OF ROSA» — and then his two children and his four grandchildren, who are living and are not named here — «RESTING IN GOD'S LOVING CARE.» A bronze plaque set flush in a concrete surround in a lawn cemetery in the Victorian Wimmera, for a man born on the Kvarner. Aged 58 in December 1979 puts his birth in 1921, which is the year the family gives. This is the camera original, four times the size of the copy that was in the family tree file: the founder's mark in the bottom right corner, «C2110», is now legible.
from Family collection
A young woman with a flower pinned in her hair, photographed in the 1940s. Born at Fužine on 13 February 1922; died 30 January 1996 and buried at Horsham beside Zdravko.
from Family collection
Polished dark granite, a gilt cross, a lantern, and the name in gilt letters in Croatian orthography: IVAN DEFRANČESKI, and beneath it 1925 and 1995. The dates are now legible — the copy this site had before was 400 pixels wide and they were not. The slab immediately behind is a RUKAVINA, a Senj and Lika name. The boy who entered a Reutlingen factory at sixteen in October 1941 went home, and is buried on his own coast; his son's birth certificate of 1951, also on this page, gives his trade as electro-mechanic and his citizenship as stateless.
from Family collection
The child written on the French camp card in 1947 with the single word «enfant» across the fingerprint boxes, and photographed that year in his mother's arms. Here he is a few years older, in a dark pinafore over a knitted jumper. The print is torn across one corner. He died at Ipswich, Queensland, in 1999.
from Family collection
Five young men in naval ratings' uniform and round caps, shoulder to shoulder against a hedge. The family caption puts Pepe in the middle. Interwar, and the Adriatic: these are Yugoslav navy caps.
from Family collection (Crikvenica)
A man in shirtsleeves sitting on a harbour parapet, a bay and a low waterfront behind him, boats out on the water. The photographer's blindstamp in the corner reads ZORA.
from Family collection (Crikvenica)
The front Giorgio de Franceschi (1788–1865) commissioned in 1843–45: two giant pilasters flanking the centre, two orders of six windows, a great round-arched portal, and a tympanum over all. Neoclassical, in the manner of the second quarter of the nineteenth century, grafted onto a Venetian country house of the seventeenth.
from Family collection (Seget)
A circular medallion set in the pediment, with a shield carved in relief inside it, and below, lozenge panels with rosettes. La Voce del popolo records the arms here as «troncato di azzurro e d'oro al leone rampante al naturale». At this resolution the carving cannot be read as heraldry — the shape of a shield is legible and nothing inside it is. A proper photograph would settle it.
from Family collection (Seget)
«La torre con merlature, ubicata a nord-ovest rispetto alla casa dominicale» — the battlemented tower north-west of the manor, built to watch the property, and badly restored at the end of the twentieth century. It stands at the roadside with a vine over its shoulder.
from Family collection (Seget)
Arcaded outbuildings in bad repair: the coach house, the produce stores and the colonists' dwellings. The nineteenth-century oil mill stood among these, with its presses and a dozen stone oil jars, until it was converted into a house about twenty years ago.
from Family collection (Seget)
A stone wellhead with an iron arch over it, in what is now a garden. The whole holding was walled, and this stood inside it.
from Family collection (Seget)
«Dipartimento di Passariano, Distretto di Tolmezzo, Cantone di Rigolato, Comune di Mione — Tavola alfabetica per gli Atti di Nascita ch'ebbero luogo dall'anno 1806 all'anno 1810.» The first three lines of the alphabet are Defranceschi Anna-Maria, Defranceschi Anna-Cecilia and De Franceschi Gio: Batta. Four Erman entries follow a few lines down — the other family named in the headmen's list of 1679.
from Archivio di Stato di Udine, Stato civile napoleonico, Mione, sig. 12954
Act 32, the last of the year. The midwife Speranza, wife of Antonio Galante, aged fifty-nine, of Muina, presented a girl born that morning at eleven, named Anna Maria — daughter of «Osvaldo de Franceschi e di Appolonia Galante sua consorte, ambedue agricoltori domiciliati in esso villaggio». Registrar: Giacomo Micoli.
from Archivio di Stato di Udine, Stato civile napoleonico, Mione, Nati 1809
Act 1 of 1810. «Francesco de' Franceschi d'anni ventisei circa, di professione Sarto» — a tailor, aged about twenty-six — brought his daughter, born that morning at three, and named her Anna Cecilia; her mother is «Margherita nata Gortan sua consorte». He signs the register himself. Act 2 below names Pasqua de' Franceschi, wife of Pietro Luchin of Mione.
from Archivio di Stato di Udine, Stato civile napoleonico, Mione, Nati 1810
Act 21. «De Franceschi Osualdo d'anni ventisei, di professione fa legname» — a carpenter — presented his son, born at ten that morning in the contrada of Mione, and named him Gio: Batta. The mother is «Cattarina nata Brencis sua consorte». Witnesses: a shoemaker and a tailor, both of Luint. He signs.
from Archivio di Stato di Udine, Stato civile napoleonico, Mione, Nati 1810
Two De Franceschi marriages in one small book. The first line of the alphabet: «Galante Appolonia con Defranceschi Osualdo — di Muina — 28 Gennajo 1808». Further down: «Prencis Valentina con Defranceschi Osualdo — di Mione — 6 Agosto 1807».
from Archivio di Stato di Udine, Stato civile napoleonico, Mione, sig. 12987
The deepest document in this archive. Osvaldo de Franceschi, farmer, aged twenty, of Muina, «figlio di Antonio de Franceschi, e di Maria nata Corva, pure agricoltori», marries Appolonia Galante, aged twenty-five and a half, daughter of Antonio Galante and Speranza née Micoli. His birth act is read out: born 14 March 1788 at Muina, «da legittimo Matrimonio di Antonio qm. Leonardo de Franceschi, e di Maria nata Corva» — Antonio, son of the late Leonardo. His father's written consent is dated 25 October 1807. Four witnesses, three of them Micoli of Muina. Both spouses sign.
from Archivio di Stato di Udine, Stato civile napoleonico, Mione, Matrimoni 1808, atto 1
The earliest De Franceschi act found in Carnia. At Mione, in the «Distretto della Carnia, Cantone di Gorto», Giacoma de Franceschi — seventeen years, two months and twelve days old, «figlia del fu Osualdo de Franceschi, e di Catterina nata Fabris» — marries Ignazio di Prato, a merchant of Chialina. Her birth act of 25 May 1789 is read into the record. She signs herself «Giacoma de Franceschi q.m Osualdo». All four witnesses are tailors; the registrar is Giovanni Micoli-Toscano and the secretary Battà Micoli-Toscano.
from Archivio di Stato di Udine, Stato civile napoleonico, Mione, Matrimoni 1806
Eight Defranceschi entries: Maria 1807, Lucia and Francesco Antonio 1808, Leonarda 1808, Anna Cecilia in January 1810 eleven days after her birth, Sebastiano «chierico» in July 1810, Maddalena in August and Mariana in September. Corva and Erman entries stand among them.
from Archivio di Stato di Udine, Stato civile napoleonico, Mione, sig. 12966
Filed with the marriage as an allegato, under a two-and-sixpence revenue stamp of the Kingdom of Italy: «Certifico io sottoscritto Parroco della Pieve Matrice di Gorto a parte Luvincis, come Giacoma figlia legitima e naturale di OSUALDO QUONDAM GIO: BATTA DE' FRANCESCHI DI MIONE, e di Cattarina sua moglie, essa è nata li 25 del mese di Maggio nell'anno 1789, come consta dal Libro dei Battezzi.» Signed and sealed by D. Gio: Batta Dario, pievano, at Luincis on 5 August 1806, and countersigned at Mione by the mayor Giovanni Micoli-Toscano.
from Archivio di Stato di Udine, Stato civile napoleonico, Mione, Matrimoni allegati 1806
Catterina, widow of the late Gio: Giacomo di Prato of Chialina, could not attend the signing of the marriage contract between her son Ignazio and «Giacoma figlia di D.no Osualdo de' Franceschi di Mione», so she appeared before the notary and declared her assent. Drawn by Antonio di Prato, notary. Note the style given to Giacoma's father: Dominus.
from Archivio di Stato di Udine, Stato civile napoleonico, Mione, Matrimoni allegati 1806
Not the Pfullingen list, but the town's own: «Liste der im Stadtgebiet Reutlingen mit Betzingen und Sondelfingen wohnhaft gewesenen jugoslavischen Staatsangehörigen». Line 16 is Defranceski Felix, born 14.1.08 at Crikvenica, present from 15 August 1941 to 8 October 1942. Read the lines around him: Brozicevic, Car, three Domijans and Dracic, every one of them born at Crikvenica, arriving from October 1938.
from Arolsen Archives, DE ITS 2.1.3.1 BW 029 7 JUG ZM
A resettlement counselling card for Peter and Luise Defranceski, IRO 148.902, at Kelternstraße 30, Neuhausen. Three lines under EXPOSÉ settle what became of the plan to go to California. 22 July 1949: «Veut rester en Allemagne, a une maison, 2 autos etc.» — wants to stay in Germany, has a house, two cars. 28 April 1951: confirms the family wish to remain. 25 May 1951: listed among displaced persons living privately.
from Arolsen Archives, ITS 3.1.1.1, folder DP0758
The same Fiche Individuelle the family holds as a faint photocopy, here in the original: the clipped passport photograph legible, the five fingerprints in red, «Auto-mecancien», Kelterstr. 30 Neuhausen, file 148.902 CB and 30609.
from Arolsen Archives, ITS 3.1.1.1, folder DP0758
The Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse membership and benefit card in its original green, stamped DOCUMENT EXPLOITÉ. Felix Defranceski, born 14.1.08 at Ericvenica, single, of Reutlingen, Pfullingerlandstraße. Four employments between July 1941 and October 1942, three of them for Hermann Sauer.
from Arolsen Archives, ITS 2.2.2.1 War Time Card File
The same list of 10 March 1947 the family holds, but the Arolsen original. Six Defranceski with their arrival and departure dates: Felix from 5 July 1941; Ivan from 20 October 1941 to 5 September 1942; Anton, born 20.1.90, from 1 March to 13 June 1942 only; Zdravko from 17 June 1944; Ruža of Fužine from 29 July 1944. Felix, Zdravko and Ruža all leave on the same day — 3 March 1945.
from Arolsen Archives, DE ITS 2.1.3.1, ITS 154
Drawn up under General Koenig's Order No. 1792: every foreigner in the commune of Neuhausen an der Erms between September 1939 and April 1945. The first seven names are one family. Peter from 22 March 1941; Luise née Salzer, born in the village, «seit Geburt»; the daughters Ursula and Renate likewise; and Zdravko, Rose née Hreljec of Fužine/Belnica, and the infant Anton, all from 19 March 1945.
from Arolsen Archives, DE ITS 2.1.3.1, ITS 157
A hand-compiled chart of the Omiš and Zadar family, twenty generations deep, running from the fourteenth century to the twentieth. The later generations are omitted from this archive because the people in them may be living.
from Family collection (Omiš branch)
A register page kept with the family's research notes, placing the name at Bakar on the Kvarner coast in 1783.
from Family research collection
Gologorica under its Italian name — Moncalvo in the county of Pazin, where Carlo De Franceschi was born in 1809.
from Family research collection
The western-Istrian estate of the other branch, which reached Istria from Crete after the Candian War ended in 1669.
from Family research collection
The French occupation authorities' individual card. Nationality Yougoslav, born 15.06.13, profession Auto-mecancien, address Kelterstr. 30 Neuhausen, married. Card 30609; the number written across the head is 148.902 CB Bj. Five fingerprints in red ink, and a passport photograph: dark jacket, dark tie, hair combed back. Under Vaccins, in a clerk's hand: tetanus once, typhus twice.
from Arolsen Archives, DP folder DP0758 (03010101 05 070)
Headed COUNSELLING in a red box. DEFRANCESKI, Peter and Luise; IRO 148.902; category CB; born 15.6.13 Yougoslavie (Cirkvenica) and 5.10.19. Address, as at 1 April 1951: Kellterstrasse 30, Neuhaus Kr. Reutlingen. Under other members of the family, the wife and two children with their birth dates. Three lines under EXPOSE, dated 22.7.49, 28.4.51 and 25.5.51 — he wants to stay, he confirms it, and he is entered on the list of displaced persons living privately.
from Arolsen Archives, DP folder DP0758 (03010101 05 070)
Two columns, DATE and INTERVENTIONS, and one line written in them: 30.7.49 — «Proposons a Mr. Boesch de le mettre «Bj»». Eight days after Petar told the counsellor he had a house and two cars and meant to stay, the office proposed to reclassify him off IRO care.
from Arolsen Archives, DP folder DP0758 (03010101 05 070)
Reutlingen, 148.901. DEFRANCESKI, Anton 22.8.44 youg., a household of three, category CB. In ink across the middle: «Emigre Australie le 8.3.49», with 17.3.49 beneath it. At the foot, a red stamp: CM/1 destroyed — which is why no care-and-maintenance file survives for Zdravko's family, and why his brother has one.
from Arolsen Archives, DP folder DP0758 (03010101 05 070)
Reutlingen, 148.902. «DEFRANCESKI, Luise 5.10.19 apatr.» — apatride, stateless; a household of four; category Bj. She was born German at Neuhausen in the Reutlingen district, and on marrying a Yugoslav in February 1942 took his nationality and lost her own. One abbreviated word is the whole of her legal position.
from Arolsen Archives, DP folder DP0758 (03010101 05 070)
Reutlingen, 148.902. DEFRANCESKI, Petar 15.6.13 youg., a household of four, category CB. Beneath, in four hands: «C.V. 15.12.45»; «73-(102) Re. 1, B. rev. 1./10.7.49»; «Tit 1165, 11.8.49, BJ»; «03.Tr.16, «BJ» 23.8.49». The reclassification going through the books, one office at a time.
from Arolsen Archives, DP folder DP0758 (03010101 05 070)
The same printed form as his brother's child's card, filled for the man himself and stamped in red: 16 Okt 1951, IRO. The place of birth is written in by hand beside the typed date — Crikvenica. Marked BJ and CB across the head.
from Arolsen Archives, DP folder DP0758 (03010101 05 070)
Card 30560, IRO 148.901. DEFRANCESKI Zdravko, Yougoslav, born 01.04.21, Auto-mecanicien. Address Neuhausen, Friedrichstrasse 4. Five fingerprints in red and a small photograph: dark jacket, hair combed back, the same studio hand as his brother's. Arolsen's own copy of this household's file is stamped CM/1 destroyed; the family kept theirs.
from Family collection — the Reutlingen file
Commandement en chef francais en Allemagne, issued 27 November 1946. Height 175, brown eyes, chestnut hair; profession auto-mecanicien; married. And across the corner in red pencil, added later: 8/3/1949 Australie.
from Family collection — the Reutlingen file
Card 30561. The photograph pasted to Ruza's fiche individuelle shows her holding the baby — the same child whose own card, a few numbers along, has the word enfant written across the fingerprint boxes in red crayon.
from Family collection — the Reutlingen file
Issued 27 November 1946 at Neuhausen, Friedrichstrasse 4. Born 13 February 1922 at Fusine, Yugoslavia; married. The photograph is of mother and child together. Annotated 8/3/1949 Austr.
from Family collection — the Reutlingen file
27 May 1949, from A. Poignant, Director of the IRO for the French zone, to the Chef de Service du Wurtemberg at Ebingen. Subject: «Cas de DEFRANCESKI (148.902)». Eligibility verified on 15.12.48 — and then the sentence the whole file turns on: «Le Chef de famille et les deux enfants sont classes B, l'epouse BJ.»
from Family collection — the Reutlingen file
A small green slip signed by Dr S. Birietaite, Chef de Service de Sante: «M. Defranceski est passe au screening — Bresil», and beneath in blue, «Rien a signaler». He passed the medical for Brazil. He did not go.
from Family collection — the Reutlingen file
Stadt Reutlingen, stamped 28 February 1950: Defranceski Strawko, born 1.4.21 at Zvekvenica (Crikvenica), Croatian-Yugoslav, resident Pfullingen, employer Hermann Sauer, Reutlingen-Sud.
from Family collection — the Reutlingen file
The same form, the same day: Defranceski Rose geb. Hreljac, born 13.2.22 at Fusine/Delnice, resident Pfullingen, employer Licht und Kraft, Reutlingen. Her birthplace is given here with its district — the fullest form the archive has.
from Family collection — the Reutlingen file
Front page. The stenographic record of the opening of the Provincial Diet of Istria at Parenzo. The provincial captain gives the floor to «l'on. Giovanni Battista de Franceschi, che a nome della maggioranza intera cosi si esprime» — and the speech that follows protests to the Imperial Government at the treatment of the Italians of Istria. Further down the same page, among the bills before the session: the establishment of new local communes at Pisino, Novacco, Lindaro, Terviso, Gallignana and Pedena.
from Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, ANNO — igp18950116
The motions and their signatories. G. B. de Franceschi signs the interpellation on the missing vice-president and Dr Bubba's motion against the bilingual signs in the Istrian district courts. Later he acts as teller in the election of a substitute assessor, and speaks again for the majority asking the Captain to talk the resigning assessors into staying.
from Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, ANNO — igp18950116
Carlo De Franceschi's career obituary, six days after his death at Gologorica. It gives the reason he lost his post — «venne cassato dal ruolo degli impiegati e messo in quiescenza per sospetti politici», struck off the roll of officials and pensioned off on suspicion of political sympathies, in 1854 — and lists what he left unpublished: a volume of memoirs and an unfinished study on the nationality of Istria. The memoirs waited thirty-three years for his son Camillo to print them.
from Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, ANNO — edp18930114
Two things on one page. Top left, the life: «nacque a Moncalvo (Gollogorizza) il 17 Ottobre 1810 da famiglia abbastanza agiata» — a birth date ten days after his death that disagrees with the 16 October 1809 the reference books give, and the only contemporary word this archive holds on the standing of the household. Right-hand columns, the letter from Pisino signed Don Ramiro: «Sor Carlo» on a Saturday in the fountain square, surrounded by the poor of the commune, handing out alms and staying to talk.
from Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, ANNO — igp18930118
The Croatian paper of Istria answering the Italian side with the Italian side's own book. Middle of the page: «mjesta Gologorica, Cernogradus i Bellegradus spominju se u listini od 1102 (v. De Franceschi str. 351.)» — the places Gologorica, Cernogradus and Bellegradus are named in a charter of 1102, see De Franceschi page 351. Carlo had cited those same three names to argue the Slavs arrived late. Nasa Sloga cites them to argue the Croats were there first. The family's village is the first exhibit in both cases.
from Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, ANNO — nsp19090325
A false lead, kept because a negative result is a result. Among the local notices: «Nacelnikom u Umagu bijase izabran dne 9. t. mj. g. Fr. de Franceschi, bivsi nacelnik one obcine» — a Fr. de Franceschi elected mayor of Umag on 9 April 1900, having held the office before. Umag is at the far western tip of Istria, ninety kilometres from Gologorica, and nothing yet connects him to this family.
from Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, ANNO — nsp19000413
Correspondence datelined Moncalvo, dist. di Pisino, 24 July. The amateur band and many townspeople of Pisino came out on the Sunday, invited by the whole village, to the birthplace of Carlo De Franceschi. Two stones, apparently thrown from the bell tower, smashed the flower vase the village women had brought and crushed a trumpet; at half past eight the band tried to leave and was set on at the village exit by about ten men with stones and drawn blades. Fifteen wounded. The two hurt worst were carried into the Peschle house and the Defranceschi house, and four gendarmes came out from Pisino that night with the district doctor. The paper records, twice, that the communal representative Ivic was the same man who had refused burial to Carlo's body the year before -- and that none of the attackers was a native of Moncalvo.
from Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, ANNO — igp18940726
The trial of the band night, taken down witness by witness. Right-hand column: «Entra Vittorio Defranceschi fu Francesco, Gollogorizza d'anni 23» -- Vittorio Defranceschi, son of the late Francesco, of Gologorica, aged twenty-three, so born about 1872. He appears in other men's evidence as well. The shouts the court was trying to fix were «crepa i taliani, bastonemoli» and «zivio», and the advocate Dr Trinajstic addressed the bench in Croatian.
from Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, ANNO — igp18950615
A plain rectangular panel of pale limestone set flush into the whitewashed wall under a moulded cornice, its cut letters shallow and raked by flat light. This is the stone that reads ANNO · DOMNI · 1711 / GION · BATISTA / DE · FRANCESCHI / FECCE · FARE · PE[R] · SE / ET · HEREDI · SVOI — the year Carlo gave Kobler privately in about 1873, cut in the wall of the house.
from Photographed by the family at Gologorica, 2026
A tall slab with a triangular pediment carrying a carved shield, and beneath it the inscription cut in Roman capitals for Carlo De Franceschi — «in questa casa avita nacque e morì», in this ancestral house he was born and died. The stone calls him patriotta fervente, archeologo e storico, and gives MDCCCIX–MDCCCXCIII.
from Photographed by the family at Gologorica, 2026
The two carvings in one frame, as they sit on the façade: above, an oval cartouche in high relief with curling mantling and a plumed helm; below it an aedicule with scrolled volutes and a moulded cornice, framing a marble relief of a haloed woman with her arms flung wide and drapery falling around her. Around the rim of the oval runs a circular legend of which «…A · DE · FRANCESCHI · FIERI…» survives.
from Photographed by the family at Gologorica, 2026
In the pediment of the family tomb, a shield under a coronet: a cross rising the height of the field, crossed diagonally by two straight shafts, with a band beneath them. Set this beside what Carlo wrote to Giovanni Kobler in about 1873 — «nella parte superiore dello scudo una croce greca attraversata da due frecce, nell'inferiore un pomo granato; sopra lo scudo un elmo piumato». The description and the carving agree.
from Photographed by the family at Gologorica, 2026
An older stone in the same ground, its oval field weathered nearly smooth, with the cross and the crossing shafts still legible and something round below them where the pomegranate should be. Two carvings of one blazon, a century or more apart, on two stones in the same cemetery.
from Photographed by the family at Gologorica, 2026
A tall stone monument with a cross on its gable, a panelled front of veined marble between pilasters, and the shield in the pediment; a plain cross stands to the left of it. This is the plot for which the architect Giuseppe Hirsch drew a «Cappella della famiglia di Carlo de Franceschi nel cimitero di Moncalvo di Pisino», the rolled plan for which is still in the Zagreb archive boxes.
from Photographed by the family at Gologorica, 2026
A long white block of two and three storeys under a tiled roof carried on projecting wooden brackets, with a tall chimney of dressed stone and a palm in front of it. Radmila Matejčić described this building in 1979 from the outside — «il proprio palazzetto con portico ad arcate e blasone sulla facciata» — and this archive took her word for it for a year before the family went and photographed it.
from Photographed by the family at Gologorica, 2026
The near end of the house: two round arches on stone piers, a stone balustrade, and a flight of steps rising to the loggia from the lane. This is Matejčić's «portico ad arcate», and the blue-and-white enamel plate on the wall between the arches gives the address — number 22.
from Photographed by the family at Gologorica, 2026
A raised circular moulding cut proud of a smooth panel, with a single fallen leaf caught in it. It reads as the setting for something now gone.
from Photographed by the family at Gologorica, 2026
A small pedimented recess of white stone set into rough coursed masonry, holding a plain cross and a pot of flowers.
from Photographed by the family at Gologorica, 2026
A small whitewashed chapel with a bellcote, standing among the graves at Gologorica.
from Photographed by the family at Gologorica, 2026
A polished slab with two oval portrait medallions: «SEBASTIANO SORAVITO DE FRANCESCHI ✻1889 ✝1958» and beneath him «ANNA CROSILLA VED. SORAVITO DE FRANCESCHI ✻1900 ✝1990». The byname this archive first met as a puzzle in a family tree is cut in stone in the valley the family came out of — and Crosilla is one of the Carnian surnames that travelled to Istria beside it.
from Photographed by the family in Carnia, 2026
A photograph behind glass and the name cut below it: «DE FRANCESCHI UGO, 24.11.1930 – 4.6.2020», with a lamp burning in front. The surname is not a memory in these valleys. It was buried here five years ago.
from Photographed by the family in Carnia, 2026
A dark stone with two portrait medallions at the head: Antonio, 1877–1962, and Marta Anzola, 1879–1904 — she died at twenty-five, and he outlived her by fifty-eight years. The last line names the sons and daughters who put it up.
from Photographed by the family in Carnia, 2026
Two rough-cut plaques side by side on a stone wall, each with its portrait: «TERESA COMUZZI 1886–1963» and «GIO. BATTA DE FRANCESCHI 1880–1963». Giovanni Battista is the name at the head of the Istrian house too — the one on the 1711 tablet — and here it is still in use in Carnia into the twentieth century.
from Photographed by the family in Carnia, 2026
A weathered slab, water-streaked, with two portraits: «FRANCESCO DE FRANCESCHI 1887–1945» and «LIDUINA CECCONI 1927–1977».
from Photographed by the family in Carnia, 2026
A block of grey stone, the lettering shallow and lichened, with «…DE FRANCESCHI» legible across it and a date in the 1850s. The oldest De Franceschi stone the family photographed in the valley.
from Photographed by the family in Carnia, 2026
A marble tablet, «IN MEMORIA DEI…», in two columns of the fallen and the missing. Among them «DE FRANCESCHI VITTORIO» and «DE FRANCESCHI ISIDORO», with Micoli, Spinotti, Stefani, Lorenzini and Fabris — the same dozen surnames that run through every document in these villages, and through the Carnian settlements in Istria.
from Photographed by the family in Carnia, 2026
The Romanesque campanile of Santa Maria di Gorto standing over the cemetery under a grey sky. This is the mother church of the Val Degano — the pieve whose two parishes, Ovaro and Luincis, drew up the return of 1679 that names «Zuane De Franceschi con un suo fiolo» among the men gone to Istria.
from Photographed by the family in Carnia, 2026
The public board at the church, in Italian and Friulian: «PIEVE DI SANTA MARIA DI GORTO / PLEF DI SANTE MARIE DI GUART».
from Photographed by the family in Carnia, 2026
A tall rendered house of three storeys with a green pantiled roof, shuttered windows and a walled garden, standing among orchards under the mountain. Photographed by the family on the road through Ovaro and Mione.
from Photographed by the family in Carnia, 2026
A pale slab headed F DE FRANCESCHI, with two portrait medallions beneath: «MARFAN VIRGINIJA ✻30.III.1895 ✝28.XII.1981» and «NAZARIJO ✻7.02.1939 ✝11.12.2003». A red lamp stands at the foot. The surname is on the ground in the parish where the direct line held houses 5 and 19.
from Photographed by the family at Gračišće, 2026
«CONIUGI» — spouses — with Rosa and Ottavio Salamon, and below them «SALAMON BRUNO 1908–1996». Generation two of the direct line married a Francisca Salamon, born 17 March 1797, in 1819; this archive has never had anything on her but a name and a palace on the square. Here is the family still in the ground at Gračišće a hundred and eighty years later.
from Photographed by the family at Gračišće, 2026
«F. MARFAN — MAFALDA ✻3.II.1928 ✝17.XI.1974 — IVAN ✻23.VIII.1904 ✝28.II.1986», and at the foot the line that says who put the stone up: the parents, the brother and the sisters. Marfan is one of the surnames standing beside Defranceschi in the Gračišće ground.
from Photographed by the family at Gračišće, 2026
A lunette of wrought iron over the tomb at Umag: gilt scrollwork around a shield bearing a lion rampant beneath a star, under a coronet, against deep blue. Set it beside the Gologorica blazon — a cross crossed by two arrows over a pomegranate — and the point makes itself. Two families of one surname in one province, and they never used each other's arms.
from Photographed by the family at Umag, 2026
The tomb front, in a plain classical frame: the family name, and beneath it the place — Seghetto, the Italian form of Seget. The estate the Venier sold them in 1720.
from Photographed by the family at Umag, 2026
A small white plaque with a cross, fixed to a rough stone wall in the cemetery. Ettore is the name of the De Franceschi who wrote with Giulio Cervani on depopulation in Venetian Istria.
from Photographed by the family at Umag, 2026
A tall weathered slab, the lettering shallow: the surname DE FRANCESCHI appears three times down the face, with a Don Antonio among them and a date read as «morto 12.III.1848».
from Photographed by the family at Umag, 2026
A long three-storey block of dressed stone with a pedimented centre and a rusticated ground floor, standing behind parked cars under a wet sky. This is the building Petar Puhmajer surveyed for «Stancija de Franceschi u Segetu kod Umaga».
from Photographed by the family at Seget, 2026
A classical aedicule of pale stone with paired columns, a semicircular lunette of blue and gilt ironwork above, and a low iron rail in front, with clipped box either side of the steps.
from Photographed by the family at Umag, 2026
The crown of the tomb: a carved pine cone finial above a lunette holding a stone wreath with a rosette at its centre. The pine cone is an old emblem of regeneration and it is common on Adriatic funerary work.
from Photographed by the family at Umag, 2026
A dark polished stone headed OBITELJ DEFRANCESKI — the Defranceski family — with three oval portrait medallions set into it: two men and a woman, photographed in their middle age. The Croatian spelling, on the coast the household came down to.
from Photographed by the family on the Kvarner coast, 2026
A plain grey slab with a portrait medallion and a cross: «MARIJA KALANJ 1889–1970». Anton Rudolf's mother was Ana Kalanj, born at Klenovica house 22 on 3 January 1864 — and this ground is full of her name.
from Photographed by the family on the Kvarner coast, 2026
Three medallions on one stone: «JOSIP 1930–1985», «FRANJO 1902–1991», «ZORA 1923–1996». Zora is also the name of the Defranceschi girl born at Crikvenica in December 1896 who turns up nursing the wounded there in March 1915.
from Photographed by the family on the Kvarner coast, 2026
A pale slab with four names cut in a column and a candle burning at the head of it.
from Photographed by the family on the Kvarner coast, 2026
Letters cut deep into a dark rough-faced stone, read at an angle: «KALANJ VINKO 1901–19…» and «KALANJ PAULINA 1904–1964», with a spray of flowers laid against it.
from Photographed by the family on the Kvarner coast, 2026
A five-pointed star laid in white stone on a bed of rubble among the graves, photographed at dusk. The partisan memorial in a coastal cemetery — the other side of the winter this archive cannot yet document, when Anton Rudolf was taken.
from Photographed by the family on the Kvarner coast, 2026
A page of the Gračišće Status Animarum photographed from the reading-room screen at the Državni arhiv u Pazinu. Three households under the number 24. The first is headed «Maria Defranceschi n. Fernazar», her condition given as OBSTETRIX — midwife — born 17-10-1832, married 25-11-1856, died 10-1-1916, with Antonius (murator, mason), Josephus, Modestus and Catharina under her. The second is Antonius q. Antonii and «Maria n. Volhardt eius uxor», and beneath them eleven children in one column.
from Photographed by the family at the Državni arhiv u Pazinu, 2026
The foot of the same page. «Daniel Defranceschi q. Antonii», agricola, born 8-3-1905 and married 2-7-1927, with «Paula n. Criavaz eius uxor», born 19-7-1905, and seven children after them running from Dionysius in 1927 to Maria-Gratia in 1943. One of them, Josephus, is born 25-6-1941 and dead 15-5-1942, with both dates in the same hand.
from Photographed by the family at the Državni arhiv u Pazinu, 2026
A sworn English translation of the Yugoslav extract from the register of births — Region Senj, National Board of Senj Municipality, reg. 152/1954. It records Defranceski Ivan, male, born 17 December 1951 at 11h50 in Senj Hospital, entered on 22 December 1951 at page 252, ordinal number 110. The father is Defranceski Ivan, born 25 June 1925 at Crikvenica, an electro-mechanic — and his citizenship is given as STATELESS and his nationality as Italian, while the mother, Blazevic Hedviga, born 3 August 1926 at Senj, is FNRJ and Croatian. Certified by Marijana Cizek, sworn translator for the Supreme Court of South Africa.
from Family papers
The fourth entry on the left-hand page: «Die 20 9bris per dispensationem [D]omi[nicalem] Nuptijs in facie Ecclesiae contractis inter D. Joannem Bapt. filium D. Francisci Defranceschi et Catharinam filiam Def[uncti] Antonij Akacich benedixit D. Can[onicu]s Georgius Akacich, praesentibus Ill[ustrissi]mo DD. Antonio Viviani Vicario et Fiscali et Andrea Zergolech» — on 20 November, by dispensation, a marriage contracted in the face of the Church between Dominus Giovanni Battista, son of Dominus Francesco Defranceschi, and Catharina, daughter of the late Antonio Akačić; blessed by Canon Georgius Akačić, in the presence of the Most Illustrious Antonio Viviani, Vicar and Fiscal, and Andrea Zergolech. The bride’s surname is hard on the page; the FamilySearch index of the same volume reads it Akacich, and the canon who blessed the marriage carries it too, so a priest of her own family married her. The year is fixed by the page: the right-hand column closes the register with a ruled line and «Anno 1773».
from Matične knjige, Bakar (Buccari) — supplied by the family, 2026
A limestone panel set in a heavy moulded frame in the Senj cemetery wall, photographed in 2019 in soft even light — which is why it reads, where the 2026 frame in flat sun did not. «LJUBOMIR BLAŽEVIĆ ✻ 1891 † 1966 · MILKA BLAŽEVIĆ rođ. PAPIĆ ✻ 1886 † 1971 · OTO BLAŽEVIĆ ✻ 1923 † 1945 · MARIO BLAŽEVIĆ ✻ 1933 † 1984», and on a dark plate fixed below, «BLAŽEVIĆ — KATA ✻ 1924 † 2007 · LEO ✻ 1920 † 2008». Behind it stand the newer black monuments of the row: Frane Rogić, Vukelić, Augustin and Anđo Tomljanović, Vladimir Bezjak.
from Photographed by the family at Senj, 5 June 2019
The leaning fourteenth-century bell tower of the pieve of Santa Maria di Gorto, above the graves. This is the mother church of the whole Canale di Gorto — the valley the Carnian families went to Istria from — and everyone on this page is buried at its foot.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
Looking across the cemetery to the church and the mountain. Some thirty stones here carry the surname or a De Franceschi mother.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
GUERRA 1940 - 1945. MILITARI CADUTI: Spinotti Adolfo, Spinotti Ervisio. DISPERSI: DE FRANCESCHI ISIDORO, Macuglia Donato, Menegon Aniceto, Micoli Sisto. CIVILI CADUTI 1 E 2. XI. 1944: Stradiotto Angelina, DE FRANCESCHI EGIDIO, Fabris geom. Giovanni, Fabris Tullio, Felice Guido, Gallo Ettore, Micoli Elio. Cut at the foot: F. F. 19-9-1954.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
PUSTETTO FRANCESCO 1891-1978 - DE FRANCESCHI EUFEMIA 1889-1960 - PUSTETTO AUGUSTO 1921-1943 - PUSTETTO GIOBATTA 1922-1945 - CIMENTI PIETRO 1914-1990 - PUSTETTO MARIA MADDALENA 1926-2015. Each with a porcelain portrait; Augusto is in uniform.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
A schoolmaster's tablet: INS. MARIO FURLANI, ALBONA 1912, OVARO 1978. Born at Albona - Labin, in Istria - and dead in the Carnian valley the migration set out from. The road ran both ways.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
SEBASTIANO SORAVITO DE FRANCESCHI 1852-1936 and MARIA ROIA in SORAVITO DE FRANCESCHI 1856-1930, with GIACOMINA SORAVITO 1886-1967 below; figli dolenti posero. The surname has been taken into the Soravito name and carried as part of it.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
SEBASTIANO SORAVITO DE FRANCESCHI 1889-1958 and ANNA CROSILLA ved. SORAVITO DE FRANCESCHI 1900-1990. Crosilla is one of the four Carnian surnames the literature follows into Istria alongside this one.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
A weathered upright, the upper inscription almost gone: AGOSTINO DE FRANCESCHI above, and cut in raised letters at the foot FRANCESCO DE FRANCESCHI 1887 - 1945, with a bearded portrait.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
FRANCESCO DE FRANCESCHI 1887-1945 and LIDUINA CECCONI 1897-1977, with two porcelain portraits - the same Francesco as the worn stone, in a second and later memorial.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
DE FRANCESCHI LUCIA 1890-1970 and MIRAI LUIGINO 1889-1972, in gilt letters on grey granite, with portraits, a lamp and flowers.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
DE FRANCESCHI VITTORIO, 26 January 1927 - 6 July 2006, with a framed photograph above the stone.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
ROVIS GIO BATTA 1841-1892 - GIORGIS CATERINA 1840-1919 - ROVIS FAUSTINO 1874-1956 - DE FRANCESCHI AMALIA 1886-1964 - ROVIS GUIDO 1903-1975. Rovis of Gimino and Giorgis of San Pietro in Selve are two of the Carnian houses that settled in Istria; here they are married to this one, at home.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
DE FRANCESCHI MARIA TERESA ved. FIORENCIS 1918-2001, and beneath it the words MAMMA MIUTA. Fiorencis is another of the Carnian surnames recorded in the Svetvincenat household book of 1734.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
CORVA MARIANNA 1896-1979 and DE FRANCESCHI UMBERTO, in gilt on red granite with two portraits. Corva is a Carnian name that also appears in the Sanvincenti court papers in Istria.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
De Franceschi Anna, born 22 February 1925, died 5 October 2022 - the most recent burial of the surname in this cemetery, and the reason the name is not a historical one here.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
MADDALENA DEFRANCESCHI 1875-1951 and LUIGI GIORGIS 1875-1950, figli dolenti posero - the surname here fused into one word, as the Istrian branches write it.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
DE FRANCESCHI LICE ADAMI 1914-2002, with a portrait and a gilt cross.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
ISABELLA DELL'OSTE ved. DE FRANCESCHI, born 17 June 1910; I FIGLI TI RICORDANO, beneath a carved Holy Family.
from Photographed by the family at the cemetery of Santa Maria di Gorto, Ovaro, October 2026
A stone barn portal at Muina, in the Val Degano — the village Carlo De Franceschi named, beside Mione, as still holding the family in the 1870s. The house is the Beorchia-Micoli, and the Micoli are the family whose archive at Mione holds the Gorto contracts naming the Erman who travelled to Istria with Zuane De Franceschi in 1679. No claim is made that this is a De Franceschi house. It is the architecture of the valley they came from, photographed on the street they walked.
from Wikimedia Commons · Mj6s · public domain
The canonica of Muina — the priest's house, and therefore where the parish books were written and kept. The Ovaro registers before 1806 are in no portal and must be asked for from the parish; this is the door to ask at.
from Wikimedia Commons · Mj6s · public domain
Muina and Mione sit on opposite sides of the Degano, seven hundred and eighty-four metres apart. This is the crossing between them — the whole distance between the two villages Carlo named in one breath.
from Wikimedia Commons · Verardo Giulio · CC BY 3.0
Agrons, in the Val Degano — the answer to the question this archive was built to ask. For months the site could say the family came out of Carnia and not from where. On 7 September 2026 three independent sources arrived within an hour of each other and gave the same village. This is it under snow.
from Wikimedia Commons · Mj6s · public domain
The same hamlet in leaf. Nothing in this picture is a De Franceschi house — this archive has not identified one at Agrons and would say so if it had. It is the ground the name came off.
from Wikimedia Commons · Mj6s · CC BY-SA 3.0
The house that holds the contracts. The Micoli Toscano family archive at Mione keeps the Gorto contracts — including the ones naming the Erman who travelled to Istria with Zuane De Franceschi in 1679, the single document that shows the journey at all. Giacomo Micoli was also the registrar who wrote the Napoleonic civil acts this archive read in 2026. This is the building.
from Wikimedia Commons · Sebi1 · CC BY-SA 3.0
Mione di Ovaro, in the Canale di Gorto — the village of the 1679 headmen's return, of the five households of 1806–1810, and of the bishop born there in 1939 who still carried the name.
from Wikimedia Commons · Sebi1 · CC BY-SA 3.0
The gate of Gallignana. Four generations of this line were born inside this wall — house 5 and then house 19 — between 1787 and 1863, before Josip took the family over the mountain to Crikvenica.
from Wikimedia Commons · Vid Pogačnik · CC BY-SA 4.0
House 22. Anton Rudolf Defranceski was born here on 20 January 1890, and the register entered him as «Gallignana u Istriji» — Gallignana in Istria — twenty-seven years after his father left it.
from Wikimedia Commons · Györgyfi · CC BY-SA 3.0
A baby sitting unaided on a shore of broken white limestone, bare but for a polka-dot kerchief knotted over his head against the sun, the exposed roots of a tree filling the frame behind him. He is laughing at something off to his right. He can sit up without support and has his front teeth, which puts him at roughly nine to eighteen months.
⚠ The scan's own metadata dates this 31 December 1951, and that cannot be right. Ivan was born on 17 December 1951; on 31 December he was fourteen days old. The file's DateTimeOriginal reads 1951:12:31 14:00:00 — a round hour on the last day of the year, which is the shape of a date somebody typed to stand for «1951», not one a camera wrote. The filename carries a third answer again, the prefix 1990s_, which is the scanning batch.
Read from the photograph instead: a warm month, a child of about one — so the summer of 1952, or the summer of 1953 at the latest. (inf, from apparent age and bare skin; the 1951 stamp is rejected.)
from Family collection — Cheryl's Album 2, leaf 209
Head and shoulders against a studio backdrop graded from pale at the left to dark behind the right shoulder — the standard lighting of a small commercial studio. An open-necked white shirt with a broad soft collar, worn without a tie; dark hair brushed into a heavy wave off the forehead; the beginnings of a moustache. He looks just past the camera. A rust-coloured foxing spot has bloomed on the print at the left collar point, and the white border is trimmed close. Undated. The file's timestamp, 19 January 2022, is the date of the scan — there is no camera make or model in it, and the image is a flatbed capture of a paper print. From apparent age alone he is about sixteen to twenty, which would put the sitting somewhere around 1968 to 1971. (inf, and from the face only — no inscription, no studio stamp, nothing on the back has been read.)
from Family collection — Cheryl's Album 4, leaf 69
A close portrait lit from the left against a dark room, white hair back off the forehead, a white moustache and a small beard under the lip, the skin of the face carrying every line the light can find. He is looking straight into the lens and half-smiling.
This one is dated to the minute and the date is the camera's own. The file is DSC_0843, written by a Nikon D800 — DateTimeOriginal 2012:04:12 07:54:28, f/16, ISO 125, 135 mm. (doc: an EXIF date written by the camera at the moment of capture is evidence in a way a scan's timestamp never is.)
He was sixty years and four months old.
from Family collection
«NOM DEFRANCESKI · PRÉNOMS Luiza · Nationalité Youg. · Date de naissance 5.10.1919 · Profession ménagère · Adresse de l'employeur Neuhausen, Kelterstr. 30 · Situation de famille mariée» — IRO no. 148.902 B, camp number 31163. She is Petar's wife, and the address proves it before the names do. Kelterstr. 30 Neuhausen is the employer's address on Petar Defranceski's own fiche. This archive already knew he «married Luise Salzer at Neuhausen in February 1942» — this is that woman, under her married name, with her own date of birth on a card of her own. (doc.)
from Arolsen Archives
Carte d'identité de Personnes Déplacées, Commandement en Chef Français en Allemagne, issued 27 November 1948. Nom DEFRANCESKI, prénom Lujza, Yougoslave, Neuhausen, Kelterstr. 30, Cercle de Reutlingen, mariée. Her thumbprint in the box, the French zone's stamp across the photograph. In the photograph she is holding two small children. They are named on cards of their own in the same file and they are not named here, because both were born within living memory and this archive does not print a living person's date of birth — not in text and not in a scan of a document that states it. The photograph is published; their two fiches are not.
from Arolsen Archives
International Refugee Organization, Zone Française d'Occupation en Allemagne, to the Chef de Service du Wurtemberg. «OBJET: Cas de DEFRANCESKI … Je vous informe que l'éligibilité de l'intéressé a été vérifiée le 15.12.48. Le Chef de famille et les deux enfants sont classés B, l'épouse BC.» Eligibility was the whole question for a displaced person: it decided whether the IRO would feed you, house you and resettle you, or whether you were a foreign national who could be sent home. Classified on 15 December 1948, and the family stayed. The «deux enfants» are the two children in Luiza's photograph. (doc.)
from Arolsen Archives
Carte d'identité de Personnes Déplacées, 27 November 1948 — the same day as Luiza's. Nom DEFRANCESKI, prénom Sdrafko, Neuhausen, Friedrichstr. 4, Cercle de Reutlingen, né à Crikvenica, Yougoslavie, auto-mécanicien, marié. Taille 175, visage ovale, yeux bruns, cheveux châtain. Two households of the name in one small town: Petar and Luiza at Kelterstr. 30, Zdravko and Ruža at Friedrichstr. 4. Three months later Zdravko sailed for Australia. (doc.)
from Arolsen Archives
«OBITELJ KALANJ — FRANJO 1933 – 2004», dark granite, a gravel plot. Photographed by David, 29 September 2026, in the cemeteries of Crikvenica, Novi Vinodolski and Klenovica; ⚠ which of the three this stone stands in is not distinguished in the photographs.
from David Defranceski, field photography 2026
«OBITELJ KALANJ — PETAR 1913 ~ 1971 · VERA 1917 ~ 2011 · MILAN 1943 ~ 1944», two oval portraits and one of a child. Milan lived about a year. Photographed by David, 29 September 2026, in the cemeteries of Crikvenica, Novi Vinodolski and Klenovica; ⚠ which of the three this stone stands in is not distinguished in the photographs.
from David Defranceski, field photography 2026
«OBITELJ KALANJ — MATE 1928 – 1992» with a porcelain oval; and on a ledger slab laid flat beside it, «KATA 1860 – 1942 · LUKA 1859 – 1944 · IVAN 1895 – 1957 · MARIJA 1904 – 1992». Photographed by David, 29 September 2026, in the cemeteries of Crikvenica, Novi Vinodolski and Klenovica; ⚠ which of the three this stone stands in is not distinguished in the photographs.
from David Defranceski, field photography 2026
«OBITELJ KALANJ — MILAN 1932 ~ 1981 · MARIJA 1941 ~ 1977 · ALBERT 1895 ~ 1945 · ANA 1899 ~ 1991 · IVICA 1926 ~ 1959 · EDUARD 1937 ~ 2012», a three-panel monument. Photographed by David, 29 September 2026, in the cemeteries of Crikvenica, Novi Vinodolski and Klenovica; ⚠ which of the three this stone stands in is not distinguished in the photographs.
from David Defranceski, field photography 2026
«OBITELJI KALANJ ~ REBROVIĆ — MARIJA 1922 ~ 2000 · SLAVICA 1934 ~ 2000 · DUŠKO 1935 ~ 2004», three oval portraits. Two of the three died in the same year. Photographed by David, 29 September 2026, in the cemeteries of Crikvenica, Novi Vinodolski and Klenovica; ⚠ which of the three this stone stands in is not distinguished in the photographs.
from David Defranceski, field photography 2026
«OBITELJ KALANJ — ROZALIJA 1865 – 1943 · ANTON 1897 – 1977 · MARIJA 1898 – 1989 · MILAN 1927 – 2006», a pale marble ledger. Rozalija's birth year is damaged at the first digit and read at 5×. Photographed by David, 29 September 2026, in the cemeteries of Crikvenica, Novi Vinodolski and Klenovica; ⚠ which of the three this stone stands in is not distinguished in the photographs.
from David Defranceski, field photography 2026
«KALANJ VINKO 1901 – 1961 · KALANJ PAULINA 1904 – 1984», black granite, the surname repeated before each given name. Photographed by David, 29 September 2026, in the cemeteries of Crikvenica, Novi Vinodolski and Klenovica; ⚠ which of the three this stone stands in is not distinguished in the photographs.
from David Defranceski, field photography 2026
«OBITELJ KALANJ — JOSIP 1950 – 1983 · FRANJO 1909 – 1991 · ZORA 1923 – 1999», three porcelain ovals and an engraved frond. Photographed by David, 29 September 2026, in the cemeteries of Crikvenica, Novi Vinodolski and Klenovica; ⚠ which of the three this stone stands in is not distinguished in the photographs.
from David Defranceski, field photography 2026
Two adjoining plots: «OBITELJ KALANJ — TOMISLAV 1935 – 2006» in red granite with a gilt cross, and beside it «OBITELJ KALANJ — JUDITA 1934 – 2012 · MARIJAN 1931 – 2019» in black. Photographed by David, 29 September 2026, in the cemeteries of Crikvenica, Novi Vinodolski and Klenovica; ⚠ which of the three this stone stands in is not distinguished in the photographs.
from David Defranceski, field photography 2026
«OBITELJ KALANJ — JUDITA 1934 ~ 2012 · MARIJAN 1931 ~ 2019», two colour portraits; stones and a piece of bread left on the ledger. Photographed by David, 29 September 2026, in the cemeteries of Crikvenica, Novi Vinodolski and Klenovica; ⚠ which of the three this stone stands in is not distinguished in the photographs.
from David Defranceski, field photography 2026
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069020. Reading across: the officiant «a.R.D. Antonius Giacich ex abatia»; the day, 20; house 36; «Maria Rosa=/lia Defrances=/chi ex Loco»; the father «Joh: Baptis[ta]»; and, in the parents' surname column, «Catharina JOBLICH». The godmother is «Rosalia Baxa uxor Petri, ex Lindar» — and the child is named Rosalia after her. Her death in the 1826 household census, aged 37 years 2 months 10 days, computes back to this exact day.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069017. Joannes Baptista Defranceschi and his wife stand godparents, and the register names her origin: born a Jablich, out of Buccari — Bakar, on the Kvarner, a hundred and thirty kilometres away and under another crown. Both are entered «Cives Gollogoricenses». The surname was read Jaklich at page scale; magnified, the letter is the same b as in Buccari written beneath it.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica status animarum 1826, image M01069328. The name column enters «Antonius Defranceschi filius Usualdi et Apoloniæ»; the annotation on the right records that his father's brother Leonardus took him as an adopted son and settled him here under number 6. The provenance column gives Antonius coming «Ex Parochia Lindaris» and his wife Francisca «Ex Parochia Gallignanæ sub N.o 5». This archive had carried Antonius as Leonardus's own son.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica status animarum 1826, image M01069319. The first household of the book is the plebania, kept up into the 1880s: Brussich of Vrbnik, Milcetich of Omišalj, Zwölber, Sajovec, Dragovina of Pazin, Flegar of Novaki, Fabris of Lindar, Vitezić of Vrbnik — with birth dates, origins, and for two of them the day they died and were buried here. Three of the eight came off the island of Krk.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069020, left-hand columns. The officiant is «a.R.D. Antonius Giacich ex abatia»; the day is 20; the house is 36; and the child is «Maria Rosa=/lia Defrances=/chi ex Loco», the surname broken across two lines as the column is narrow. The month is blotted, but the entry sits between «9 Aprilij» above and «30 Julij» below in a run kept in order.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica status animarum 1826, image M01069332. Jacobus Defranceschi, civis, born 21 July 1761, dead 3 December 1850 aged 88; then house 7 proper — Josephus Defranceschi, born 4 March 1765, married 3 February 1807, dead 12 December 1838; «Lambertina uxor nata Peschle», born 17 September 1786, «Ex Volosca», dead 16 July 1863 aged 76 years 10 months; and their children, among them «Carolus», born 17 October 1809 and dead 8 January 1893 — Carlo De Franceschi, the historian this archive leans on, in his own parish's household book.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica status animarum 1826, image M01069408. The household of «Dnus Josephus Defranceschi», condition Civilitas, born 4 March 1765, married 2 February 1807, with «Lambertina uxor nata Peschle», born 17 September 1786 — and their ten children, among them «Charolus», the historian. The last line reads «Aloysius … filius natus VOLOSCA» — born at Volosca, his mother's own town on the Kvarner. This archive had recorded him as «natus Polonia», born in Poland.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms 1784–1880, image M01069014, folio 2. The book opens in 1784 with «Math: Defranceschi Ecclesiae hujus Gollogoricensis» as the officiating priest — a Defranceschi baptising his own parish. The fifth entry is «Josephi Anton Defranceschi ex Loco», house 36, 6 January 1785, son of «Joh: Baptista» and «Catharina nata JABLICH … BUCARI», with Antonius Couaz and Maria his wife, Cives Pisinenses, standing godparents and Maria Chrismanich the midwife.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069064, folio 51. House 17. «Die 19na 8bris 1809 · CAROLUS JOSEPHUS DEFRANCESCHI natus die 17ma hujus, vespere» — born on the 17th in the evening, baptised on the 19th. Parents «Dnus Josephus Defranceschi et Domna Lambertina ejusdem uxor»; godfather «Dnus Gioanni Curelich, Petinensis», of Pićan. A later hand has added the cross and «8/I 1893» above his name — the day he died, entered in the book that recorded his birth.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069078, foot of folio 65, opening the year 1816. House 17. «Die 25ta Februarii 1816 · FRANCISCUS XAVERIUS JOSEPH DEFRANCESCHI natus die 19na hujus mensis» — born on the 19th, baptised on the 25th. Parents «Dnus Josephus Defranceschi et Dna Lambertina ejusdem uxor». One godparent is entered NOBILIS, «da Lindaro». A later hand has added «† 4 Januarii 1893» above the name. Carlo's brother, and the entry that proves the 1826 census was recording baptism dates, not births.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069070, folio 57, house 17. «Die 17ma Augusti 1811 · MARIA ALOYSIA DEFRANCESCHI nata die 14ta hujus hora 8va mane» — born on the 14th at eight, baptised on the 17th. Parents «Dnus Josephus Defranceschi et Dna Lambertina ejusdem uxor»; godfather «Joannes Ant. Torbulla, Parochus Paspergensis» — the parish priest of Paz. Carlo's sister. This frame was skipped when the book was being read at every third frame, and found only when the gaps were closed.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069086, folio 73. «28 Januarii 1821 · CLEMENTINA nata hodie hora 4ta mane», house 104, of «Dnus Joseph Defranceschi, Civilis» and «Dna Lambertina uxor ejusdem, nata PESLE». This child does not appear in any later record of the household — and a second Clementina is baptised in the same family twenty months afterwards.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069089, folio 76. «6 8bris 1822 · CLEMENTINA MARIA nata die 3 8bris hora 10 pomeridiana», house 17, of «Dnus Joseph Defranceschi» and «Dna Lambertina ejus uxor nata PESLE». The godparents are «Pietro Ant. Defranceschi» and «Amalia PESCHLE EX VOLOSCA» — corrected 11 October 2026 from «ex Silesia», which this archive published and which the word does not say; see the magnified plate. Her birth date matches the one this archive already held; her elder namesake of 1821 does not.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069102, folio 89, the year 1830 entire. Second entry: «Die 28va Martii · ENRICHUS JACOBUS DEFRANCESCHI natus 11ma Martii hora 5ta Mane», of «Dnus Josephus Defranceschi, Civilis» and «Domina Lambertina ejusdem uxor nata Pesle»; godparents «Giacomo Giacich» and «Jos.a Teresa Giacich»; midwife «Marianna uxor Stanislai Rabar». His Domus cell has been written, struck through and replaced with 104 — and so has the Cancinich entry two rows below, 37 struck to 73, while 36, 16 and 50 on the same page are clean. From 1830 this book counts houses twice. And of the four fathers on the opening, three are «agricola»; the fourth is «Dnus … Civilis».
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069115, folio 102, the fair copy of 1840 and 1841 in Petrus Milcetich's hand. First entry, 20 February 1840, house 2: «FRANCISCUS natus hodie», of «Joannes Sestan, agricola» and «SANCTA ALEXANDRA nata DEFRANCESCHI», with godparents «Franciscus Marciolin» and «CLEMENTINA DEFRANCESCHI», conditio «ille clavium faber, haec civis» — he a locksmith, she a citizen. Near the foot, 14 April 1841, house 2 again: godparents «Josephus Selesco ac FRANCISCA DEFRANCESCHI», the surname squeezed onto the line below. Between them, the rural dean's certificate: «Vidi. Petinae die 15 Januarii 1841 — Coverlizza, Decanus». None of the three women is entered anywhere in this book as a child.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069118, folio 104, headed «Liber Baptizatorum in Ecclesia Parochiali Gollogorizzae». The last two entries on the page are both Defranceschi. 11 November 1843, house 2: «MARIA nata 7 hujus», of «Antonius Sestan» and «Joanna nata DEFRANCESCHI», godfather «Franciscus Defranceschi» — the second Sestan of that house to marry a Defranceschi daughter out of Gračišće. 15 November 1843, house 5: «TERESIA nata 14 hujus», of «Antonius Defranceschi» and «Francisca», godparents «Antonio Salamon et Maria soror», entered cives — a birth date this archive had only as «about 1843». The godfather's surname reads Salamon and is NOT claimed: it has not been tested against the same scribe writing Palman, and this archive withdrew a «Salman» reading four days earlier for exactly that reason.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Two words from the same hand, two years apart, cut from the film at the same scale and set one above the other — the only test this archive accepts for a doubtful word. ABOVE: «Franciscus Palman sutor», Gologorica baptisms folio 102, 28 April 1841 (M01069115). BELOW: «Antonio Salamon et Maria soror», folio 104, 15 November 1843 (M01069118). The initials are not the same letter: Palman opens with a tall closed majuscule bowl, Salamon with a small low pointed stroke and no bowl at all. The bodies are not the same length: Palman runs a-l-m-a-n, Salamon runs a-l-a-m-o-n, with a rounded a between the l and the m where Palman has none. The 1843 word is not Palman.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069122, folio 108, the year 1847 in Petrus Milcetich's hand. Three Defranceschi entries. 23 January, house 5: «LEONARDUS natus heri» of «Antonius Defranceschi» and «Francisca nata Defranceschi» — born 22 January 1847, with a later hand adding «† 20.XII.1917» beneath, seventy years on. 21 October, house 7: the godparents of Jacobus Cocolet's child are «MAXIMILIANUS DEFRANCESCHI ET SOROR ADELAIDIS», entered cives — the «Maximilianus Antonius» and «Maria Adelgidis» the 1826 status animarum lists among the ten children of Josephus and Lambertina, named here as brother and sister by the register itself. 12 September: «Antonius Defranceschi» stands godfather again.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069126, folio 112, the year 1851. «Junii 7ᵃ · [domus] 3 · JOANNES natus heri», of «Antonius Sestan» and «Joanna nata Defranceschi», godparents «Joannes Ivich et FRANCISCA DEFRANCESCHI» — born 6 June 1851. Beneath it, in a twentieth-century hand, «† 27/2 1935»: eighty-four years later somebody came back to this page and closed him. The 1826 status animarum gives the same child's birth as 6 June 1852 — the same day and month, one year out — which is one of two places where that census and this register disagree about this household while agreeing exactly about the rest.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069135, folio 121. «1860. 9bris 4ᵃ · [domus] 7 · ANNA-MARIA FRANCISCA nata 28 8bris», of «Franciscus Defranceschi, civis» and «Clotildis Ortis» — house 7, the Defranceschi house. The godparents are «ANSELMUS PESCHLE … PER PROCURATOREM» and «Beatrice Ortis», both cives: a Peschle standing godfather to a Defranceschi child through a proxy, so he was not in the village that day. A later hand has written «† Tergesti 22-6-1941» above the entry — she died at Trieste, eighty years on, and this archive already held that date from elsewhere. The midwife is Catharina Cattenar.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069137, folio 123. «Petrus Milcetich, Parochus» writes the first six entries of 1862 and signs his last on 13 March; from 13 April every entry is «Blasius Zwölber, Administrator». The 1826 status animarum says Milcetich died on 22 March 1862 — the register brackets that date without naming it. Entry 8, 27 April, house 7: «VICTOR JOSEPHUS natus 22 Aprilis», of «Franciscus Xav. Defranceschi, POSSESSOR» and «Clotildis Ortis», godparents «Natalis Stefanovich» and «Maria Defranceschi», cives. Entry 9 names two women «Grah» with «Missan» written beneath the surname in both.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069111, foot of folio 98 — in the strip this archive had been cropping off. Ruled across the page beneath the last entry of 1835: «Quae copiae collationatae anni 1835 concordant cum hoc originali libro. Ex officio Decanatus, Petinae die 7 Maij 1836», signed by the dean. The parish made a copy of each year's register; the dean collated it against the original and certified that the two agreed. So a second, certified set of these books went out of the parish every year — and the one in the picture is the one that stayed.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069140, foot of folio 126. «1864 Octobris 9 · [domus] 4 · REMIGIUS CÆSAR natus 1 Oct.», of «Albertus Peschle, Doctor medicinæ» and «Victoria nata Calligarich»; godparents «Luigi De Franceschi» and «Celestina V.da Calligarich», conditio «industriante»; midwife Joanna Crismanich. This archive had already found a «Dr Cäsar Peschle», medical officer of the K.K. Landwehr, commissioned in 1895 and still on the lists in 1918 — and had written under him «Nothing joins him to Lambertina». A Caesar Peschle born at Gologorica on 1 October 1864 to a physician would be just under thirty-one when that commission was granted.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069147, folio 134. Two consecutive entries, both «1868 Maji 31ma», both house 7, both of «Franciscus Defranceschi, possidens» and «Clotildis nata Ortis». The first: «MARIA HENRICA die 5 A[prilis] PRIUS NATA» — born earlier. The second: «CLOTILDIS ADELAIDIS die 5 Aprilis nata». The register is recording a twin birth and stating the order of it. Maria Henrica's godfather is «Henricus Defranceschi»; Clotildis Adelaidis's godparents are «Henricus Defranceschi» and «ADELAIDIS DEFRANCESCHI», entered possidentes — the brother and sister whose «et soror» entries of 1847 and 1852 placed Adelaidis in this family. Each twin carries her godparent's name.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069150, folio 140. Beside the baptism of 30 December 1870, house 26, the Infans column is given over to a declaration running the depth of the page: «Ego cum signo crucis signatus ANTONIUS RUP—OVIČ, agricola … declaro … esse verum me patrem hujus creaturæ ANTONII» — I, signed with the sign of the cross, declare that I am the true father of this child Antonius. Beneath it, two witnesses: «JOANNES DEFRANCESCHI» and «FRANCISCUS PALMAN». A man who signs with a cross needs witnesses who can write, and the parish found two.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069151, folio 142 — a TYPEWRITTEN slip pasted over the entries of 2 and 10 July 1871, hiding the baptisms underneath. «Giusta lettera del Commissariato Gen. Civ. per la Venezia Giulia dd 10/12 1920 N. 1x-4411/563 la grafia originale del cognome di questo battezzato è “de Franceschi”, ciò che risulta dalla fede di nascita del suo proavo LEONARDO DE FRANCESCHI nato a LUINCIO dd. 23/6 1626. D’Ordine del Commissariato Gen. Civ. — Avv. Melone.» The Commissariato Generale Civile per la Venezia Giulia was the Italian civil administration of the territories annexed after 1918. Luincio is Luincis in Carnia, seat of the Pieve Matrice di Gorto — the mother church whose Book of Baptisms this archive has already quoted from, for 1789.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms 1784–1880, image M01069167 — the book’s own alphabetical index, letter D. Two Defranceschi households, told apart by their fathers and by a byname. «DEFRANCESCHI JOAN. BAPTA DEFUNCTI JOSEPHI, N° 5»: Joseph (p. 2), Franciscus (struck out), Catharina «quæ obiit» (p. 4), Catharina Helena (p. 6), Maria Rosalia (p. 8), Maria Antonia (p. 11). «DEFRANCESCHI JOANES BAPTA DETTI LEONARDI, N° 12»: Franciscus Antonius (p. 3), Joanes Bapta (p. 6). The index is the one place in the book that names the two households side by side — and «detti Leonardi» is the byname this archive had from elsewhere, here in the register’s own hand.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica baptisms, image M01069156, folio 150. «1874 Octob. 11 · FRANCISCUS CAROLUS NATALIS die 6. Octob. natus», of «Franciscus Defranceschi, possidens» and «Clotildis nata Ortis» — godparents «CARLO DEFRANCESCHI» and «Natale Stipanich», entered cives, with «† Tergeste 17-2-1942» added in the margin. Carlo De Franceschi, the historian this archive leans on, stands godfather to his brother’s son six days before his own sixty-fifth birthday, and the child carries both godparents’ names. At the foot of the same page, written out by hand, is a second copy of the 1920 Commissariato ruling on the family surname.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths 1784–1880, image M01069259, page 62. «1821. Die 30ma Januarii hora ½ 4ta a meridie · [domus] 104 · CLEMENTINA FILIA D.ni JOSEPHI DEFRANCESCHI · dierum 2 et horarum 11½ · Imperfecta Structura», buried 1 February 1821, Ant. Ferdinandus Mocovich, parochus. Her baptism, two folios away in the other book, has her born on 28 January 1821 at four in the morning at the same house 104. From 28 January at 4 a.m. to 30 January at half past three in the afternoon is two days and eleven and a half hours. The arithmetic closes exactly, and the two Clementinas of this family stop being a question.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069257, page 58. «1817. Die 19 Xbris hora 10ma noctis · [domus] 17 · MAXIMILIANUS JOSEPH DEFRANCESCHI, D.ni Josephi filius · annorum 4 · Vermes et Phthisis cum febri maligna» — buried the next day at sunset «ob signa putrefactionis». Four years old, so born about 1813: a son of Josephus and Lambertina this archive did not have, falling between Maria Aloysia (1811) and Franciscus Xaverius (1816). The Maximilianus Antonius the archive knows was born 8 January 1828 — eleven years after this child was buried. The name was reused, as Clementina’s was.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths 1784–1880, image M01069301 — the alphabetical index at the back of the book, letter D. Under «DEFRANCESCHI JOSEPH · Nº 17»: Catharina (p. 3), Joseph q. Joan. Petri (5), Joseph Joanis Baptæ (8), Maria Antonia (11), Sancta (12), Catharina uxor Joan. Baptæ (12), R.dus Joan. Mathias EX PAROCHUS (15), D.na Helena vidua q. Josephi (25), Catharina filia q. Josephi (30), D.nus Joan. Bapta q. Josephi (39), MAXIMILIANUS filius Jos. junioris (58), CLEMENTINA filia dicti D.ni (62), Maria filia q.m Joan. Bapta (66), Amalia filia Josephi (67). Two further households follow: «Joanes Bapta detti Leonardi Nº 12» and «Leonardus Nº 10». The index was read here before; its pages had not been opened.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069235, page 15. «Idem · [domus] 63 · 29 Martij [1798] · admodum R.dus D.nus MATH. DE FRANCESCHI ex Parocho GALLEGNA[nensi] · annorum 62 · Paralisia». The Very Reverend Mathias de Franceschi, formerly parish priest of Gallignana — Gračišće, the parish of the Eleven and this line’s own second home — dead at Gologorica aged sixty-two, of a stroke. Born about 1736. This archive held him as a name with the single word «Don» against it.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069240, page 25. «Idem · [domus] 36 · 26 augusti [1804] · D.na HELLENA, vid[ua] q. JOSEPHI DEFRANCESCHI ex loco · annorum 84 · Maligna» — a malignant fever. Eighty-four in August 1804 puts her birth about 1720. This archive carries her as 1725–1809, so the register disagrees with it at both ends. Higher on the same opening stands the deanery visitation of 17 July 1804, signed by Franciscus Franovich — the same inspection, on the same day, that signs the baptism book.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069247, page 38. Ruled across the column between two entries of 1812: «N.B. Hic Liber cum aliis ex justa ordinationem regiminis GALLICI consignatus fuit MUNICIPALITATI PISINENSI die 20ma Julii 1812, et die 5ta Januarii 1814 fuere restituti ab Administratione Dominali; quamobrem Mortuorum eorum Nomina, qui per hoc intervallum obierunt, fideliter ex more solito hic retuli: ego idem Parochus Mocovich qui supra.» — this book with the others was handed to the municipality of Pazin by order of the FRENCH government on 20 July 1812 and given back on 5 January 1814, so the names of those who died in the interval the priest has entered here afterwards, faithfully and as usual. Beneath it a second note records a nil: «from 10 July to 19 August exclusive nobody died in this parish».
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069262, page 67. «Die 22 Xbris 1826 hora 3tia postm. · [domus] 17 · AMALIA DE FRANCESCHI, filia Josephi · 8 Men[ses] · febres gastricæ, mali[gnæ]» — buried on the 24th at ten in the morning. Eight months old in December 1826 puts her birth about April that year. The pedigree carried her as a child of Josephus and Lambertina with no dates at all; and because she died an infant she cannot be the Adelaidis who stands godmother in 1847, 1852 and 1868, which removes one strand from the tangle of names round this household.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069230, page 5. The leftmost column of this register is Sepeliens — who performed the burial — and at the head of 1787 it reads «[Defran]CESCHI P[aro]CHUS LOCI»: Defranceschi, parish priest of this place. He signs the burials of his own village, and the entries beneath run «Idem», the same man, down the page. Taken with page 15, where the Very Reverend Mathias de Franceschi is buried in 1798 styled «ex Parocho Gallegna[nensi]» — formerly of Gallignana, which is Gračišće — a priest of this surname held both cures.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069248, page 39. «Admodum R.dus D.nus Martinus Sestan, PAROCHUS NOVACENSIS, de licentia mea parochi presentis · [domus] 17 · Die 23. Januarii 1813 · D.nus JOANNES BAPTA DEFRANCESCHI, VIDUUS, defuncti Josephi filius · annorum 60 · Phthisis». Head of house 17 and of the titled branch, dead at sixty of consumption — and buried by the parish priest of Novaki, by licence of Gologorica’s own. Three rows down stands «Josephus DE-PRATO», a surname split across a line break that reads as a Defranceschi at page scale and is not one.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069233, page 12 — house 36 in a bad eighteen months. «26 aprilis 1792 · SANCTA DEFRANCESCHI, CŒLEBS · annorum 58 · febris putrida», buried by Joh. Marinich, CANON OF GALLIGNANA. And four weeks later, «21 maii · CATHARINA DEFRANCESCHI · annorum 26 · Apoplexia», buried by Petrus Anicich, priest of Novaki — the same Petrus Anicich who signs this parish’s visitation as DEAN sixteen years later. On the facing page, 16 July 1791: «MARIA ANTONIA DEFRANCESCHI · mensium 6 · Vermes». The officiant column of both pages reads «Defranceschi, Parochus».
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths 1784–1880, image M01069301 — the index block for a family that is NOT this one. «DEPRATO Leonardus · N.º 6»: Leonardus (1), Joanes filius Joanis Baptæ (1), Sebastianus ejus filius (9), R.dus JOSEPH DEPRATO EX PAROCHUS (20), Cattarina UXOR JOAN. BAPTÆ (24), Joannes Bapta VIDUUS (32), Josephus filius q. Joan. Baptæ (39), Catharina vidua q. Leonardi (50). Set that beside the Defranceschi block on the same opening and the two families share a Joannes Baptista, a Catharina wife of Joannes Baptista, a Reverend former parish priest, a widow and a Josephus son of the late Joannes Baptista — and both surnames begin «De—» and break across lines. Page 39 carries one of each.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069231, page 7 — three «De—» surnames on one page. The officiant column alternates between «DEFRANCES[CHI] P[res]b[yte]r Loci» and «D. JOSEPH: DEPRATO, ex Paroch[us]» — the parish priest of this place and a former parish priest, two different families. And the sixth entry, 10 August 1788, is «ANTONIO DE-FRANICH, annorum 70, febris putrida» at house 84 — a third surname again, and NOT a Defranceschi. At page scale all three read alike; only the syllable after the line break tells them apart.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069231, foot of page 8 — September 1789, and the cause column says Pustulla almost all the way down: seven of the nine entries in this half of the page. Among them, nine days apart: «Idem · [domus] 31 · 10 7bris · JOH. DEFRAN-CESCHI fil. Ther[esiae] · annorum 7 · Pustulla» and «Idem · [domus] 36 · 19 7bris · JOSEPH. DEFRAN-CESCHI ex Loco · annorum 5 · Pustulla» — a seven-year-old from house 31, the «detti Leonardi» branch, and a five-year-old from house 36. The first is named for his mother: Theresia, the Grach wife of that house.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family’s own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069238, page 21. The middle entry reads «Idem · 29. · 17 7mbris · Antonius De=franceschi ex Loco · ann[orum] 60. · Hectica» — house 29, died 17 September 1802, male, catholic, aged sixty, of consumption. The archive carried this man from the family tree with a birth and a death year and no document of any kind behind either. Sixty years in September 1802 puts his birth about 1742, which is the year the tree gives. The faint line below is a later, lighter-inked entry for Catharina, wife of Joannes, aged 52 — the same pale hand that runs through this book.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069301 — the book's own index. The block is headed «Defranceschi Leonardus N.º 10» and carries exactly one name: «Antonius Leonardi pater · 21» — Antonius, Leonardo's father, page 21. Above it the index heads two further Defranceschi households, «Joseph N.º 17» and «Joanes Bapta detti Lonardi N.º 12», and below it «Deprato Leonardus N.º 6», a different family with the same given names. The priest who made this index was filing by household, not by surname.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069227 — the flyleaf inside the front cover, before the register proper begins. Five entries, 1801–1805, and they are in ITALIAN where the whole book that follows is in Latin. Each reads to the same formula: «è passata da questa alla miglior vita … fù dato un Ducato o sian L. 6 alla Chiesa per suono di tutte tre Campane» — a ducat, six lire, to the church for the ringing of all three bells. It is a payment ledger, not a register of deaths: the people in it are in the Latin register too, but the dates do not always agree.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069237, page 20, second entry: «Idem · 61. · 17 8bris · Admodum R[everen]dus Dominus JOSEPH DEPRATO, ex Parochus Cerovgl[ie], Jubilatus, ex Loco Gallogor. · ann[orum] 80 · Senect[us]». House 61, 17 October 1801, aged eighty, of old age. A former parish priest of Cerovlje, retired — «jubilatus» — and living at Gologorica. This is the anchor of the Deprato family, whose surname this archive has twice had to separate from Defranceschi: he appears in this book's officiant column as «D. JOSEPH: DEPRATO, ex Paroch[us]» and heads its index block «Deprato Leonardus N.º 6».
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069238, page 22, under 1803. The second entry: «Idem · 100. · 25 Maij · Mathia Ancich alij Cossar, uxor Joan: ex Rizmanizza · ann[orum] 70 · FAMES» — hunger. At the foot of the same page, house 4, 12 [9]bris: «Math: Zabran Lukcich Smrèquar · ann 67 · EGESTAS» — destitution. The column is headed Causa Mortis and the priest filled it with the plain word. The same hand had written «Egestas» once before, in 1797, for a man of 68 described as having been in service from his youth.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, page 28, filmed twice. LEFT, image M01069241: a loose slip of paper lies across the page and blanks out seven entries. RIGHT, image M01069242: the same page with the slip lifted away. The two top entries are identical in both, which is how the pages are known to be the same. Everything the slip covered — a mother dead in childbirth, her six-year-old, her three-month-old, and four more — exists only on the right-hand exposure. A duplicate frame is not redundancy; sometimes it is the only complete reading.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069239, page 23, under 1803. House 26, 24 7bris: «Dominica Zabran uxor Mart. Zabran · ann 56 · Cancrhrena famesque» — gangrene and hunger. House 2, 23 8bris: «Hellena Vellan alij Jugoviza · ann 64 · Egestas». House 6, 31 8bris: «Mattia Zabran … nata Ghersan, INVENTA MORTUA DOMI · ann 32 · Egestas» — found dead in her house, aged thirty-two, of destitution. With «Fames» on the facing page and «Egestas» again in November, this single year carries five deaths the priest attributed to hunger or want.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069239, page 24, first entry: «61. · 13 Xmbris [1803] · Catharina DEPRATO nata Rovisi ex Petin, uxor Joh: Baptista, provis. ex Loco · ann 43 · Hidrope». House 61 — the same house where the retired priest Joseph Deprato had died two years before. The archive already holds a Catharina Defranceschi née Jablich, wife of a Joannes Baptista, dead in 1792 at house 36, aged 26. Two women, both «Catharina, wife of Joannes Baptista», eleven years apart in one book, filed in its index under two different households: «Defranceschi Joseph N.º 17» and «Deprato Leonardus N.º 6».
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069243, page 30. Second entry: «Idem Parochus · 36 vetus · 14 novus · die 12 8bris 1806 · Catharina filia defti Josephi De=franceschi, cælebs ex Loco · 56 ann. · Asthma». The house column has been split in two and the priest has labelled the halves «vetus» and «novus» — old and new. The archive had inferred a renumbering from two unlabelled columns in the baptism register; here the death register says so in its own words, and dates it to about 1806. Three more pairs sit on the same page: 8 vetus → 52 novus, 107 vetus → 76 novus, and one reading uncertainly as 70 → 8?.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069246, page 35, 1811. Under the officiant's name on three consecutive entries — houses 83, 34 and 93 — the parish priest has written «gratis». The burial was free. Read against the bell-ringing ledger on this book's flyleaf, where five families paid a ducat for the ringing of all three bells, and against the deaths this same register attributes to «Fames» and «Egestas», the parish's economy of death is legible in three registers of the same book: who paid for bells, who paid nothing, and who starved. Two entries on this page give the cause as «Variola» — smallpox, now under its proper name where the 1789 epidemic was written «Pustulla».
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069244, page 32: «Idem Parochus · 6. · die 30ma Martii 1809 · Joannes Baptista DEPRATO, Viduus · 56 · Inflammatio et Tussis». A widower — and the archive holds his wife, «Catharina Deprato … uxor Joh: Baptista», dead in 1803 at house 61. He dies at house 6. Below, written across the page: «Die 5 Julii 1816 In Visitatione decanali … Decanus recog[novit] et approbavit» — one of a series of decanal inspections, with Petrus Anicich signing in 1807 and 1808 and a note of visitation in 1805.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069249, page 41. The foot of the page, 27 April 1815, house 80: «Joannes Ancich q.m Judicis Joannis filius ex Rismagnizza · annor. 40 · FAMES». The date column carries the circumstance — «obiit in Istria ex Veneto, quo egestatis causa cum familia sua se contulerat», he died in Venetian Istria, whither he had removed with his family for reason of destitution — and the officiant column carries the proof: «Adm. R.dus D.nus Matthæus Loganis, Parochus Foscolini in Istria ex Veneta, sepelivit ibi in Ecclesia S.ti Rochi, uti ex ejusdem Parochi Attestato patet». Above it on the same page, a man of 54 dead of «Inopia consumptus», consumed by want, at eight at night; and a stranger of about 40 from the parish of Paasberg «inventus mortuus in via» — found dead on the road.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069250, page 44, 1816. Third entry, house 84: «Lucia Rabar Georgii filia haeredis Anich · ann. 4, mens. 5½ · FAMES». A child of four years and five months, dead of hunger. Two entries below, house 75, 16 April at nine in the morning: «Joanes Bapta Udovicich alias Jacotich … ann. 58, mens. 10 · Tussis et FAMES». The crisis that began on page 41 in the spring of 1815 is still killing a year later. At the foot of the page a woman is identified as wife of the «Suppanus» — the župan, the village headman — which, with the «Judex» whose son starved in Venetian Istria, puts two of the village's officeholding families inside the same casualty list.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069254, page 51 — 26 April to 8 May 1817. Seven burials, and the Causa mortis column reads the same for every one of them: «Fames». Hunger. Franciscus Schina, widower, 63 · Simon Udovicich Gospod, 51 · Michael Rovis alias Benulla, 53, buried at San Pietro in Selve · Vitus Rade, unmarried, 65 · Joanes Pelesco, not quite 11 · Joanna Rabar, not quite 7 · Maria Rabar née Flegar Giacotich, 50. A small cross is pencilled beside each cause. Joanna is the third daughter of the same house to die this way: her sisters Lucia, four, and Anna, three, had gone in April 1816 and January 1817.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069253, page 50, house 19, 25 April 1817 at seven in the morning: «Joannes Batta Crismarich alias Covacich · annor. 64, mens. 2 · Debilitates fame mendicando, Pleuritide obiit» — weakness from hunger while begging; he died of pleurisy. Above it, house 60, 1 April: «Maria uxor Francisci Schina nata Rabar · 67 · Fames», who «obiit Paalbergæ» and was buried by the parish priest of Paasberg — the second parishioner in this crisis to die outside the parish and be entered here on another priest's word.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069252, page 47. 18 January, house 105: «Antonius Rade alias Picin · 39 · Fames», found at daybreak dying in the open — «sub mane inventus moribundus sub dio in abysso». 21 January, house 73: «Georgius Udovicich alias Scloch, Michaelis filius · ann. 7 · Fames» — his brother Antonius, six, had died five days earlier. 26 January, house 81: «Anna Rabar, Georgii filia haeredis Ancich · ann. 3 · Fames». 3 February, house 105: «Helena, filia defti Antonii Rade alias Picin · ann. 3 · Fames» — the daughter of the man in the first entry, sixteen days after her father.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069256, page 56. House 121: «Mathias Braticich defti Matthiæ filius · ann. 16, mens. 2 · FAMES», buried by «Adm. R.dus D.nus Philippus Jacobus Sirol, Parochus ad St Petrum in Sylvis» — San Pietro in Selve. He died on 2 July 1817 and sits among the September entries, with a note saying so: «NB. Hic inscriptus, quia mense 7bri demum mors ejusdem scripto tenus ab eodem Parocho annunciata fuit» — entered here because only in September was his death announced in writing by that parish priest. The entries around it have shifted cause: «Fluxus» — dysentery — which followed the hunger through August and September. Top right, a conservation label filmed with the page: WATER DAMAGE · OŠTEĆENO OD VLAGE.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069261, page 66: «Die 30: 7bris 1826 hora 3tia p.m. · 12 · Maria filia Defti Jo:is B:tæ Defranceschi · 37 · hectica · Adm.dm Rev. D.nus Lorentius Batel, Ca[pell]anus ad S. Petrum in Barbana ibi sepelivit». This archive already held her death — from the 1826 household census, which gives her age as 37 years 2 months 10 days and so fixes her birth at 20 July 1789. What the death register adds is the house, the cause, the hour, and the fact the census could not carry: she was buried at Barban, forty kilometres away, by its chaplain.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069264, page 71, 1830–31. From the second entry the house column carries TWO numbers, written one over the other like a fraction: 65/32, 103/61, 41/17, 111/68, 31/12. The upper is between 1.6 and 2.6 times the lower — the same «about half» relation this archive had already noticed between two unlabelled columns in the BAPTISM register, and emphatically not the relation of the 1806 entries, where the priest wrote «vetus» and «novus» over pairs that scatter (36→14, 8→52, 107→76). Two different two-column systems in one set of books.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, page 82, 1846, filmed twice. LEFT, image M01069269: the left edge of the opening is cut off and the MONTH column goes with it, leaving only day numbers — 22, 4, 26, 8, 28, 12, 26 — with no way to tell which month any death fell in. RIGHT, image M01069270: the same page framed wider, and the months are there — Martii 22, Augusti 4, 8bris 26, 9bris 8, 9bris 28, Decembris 12, Decembris 26. This is the second duplicate pair found by walking this reel, after pages 27–28 where a loose slip hid seven entries on the first exposure. In both cases the duplicate was the readable frame.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069271, page 84: «1848 Aprilis 14° · 5 · Leonardus Defranceschi, CIVIS, refectus SS Sacramentis moribundorum et sepultus die 15° hujus · 82 · febris cum senectute». Every other adult on this page is «agricola» — a farmer. He is «civis», a burgher, which is the status this family carries wherever it appears in these registers. Eighty-two in April 1848 closes exactly on the birth the archive already held for him, 30 January 1766. Two entries below, a one-year-old is entered «ex expositis» — a foundling — and another follows in December: children placed with village families, a traffic these registers record without comment.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069273, page 88. At the head of the year: «1850 Januarii 21° · 53 · Antonia Defranceschi, agla, sepul. die 23° huj · dier. 28 · debilitas physica» — a child of twenty-eight days. At the foot: «Decembris 8° · 7 · Jacobus Defranceschi, CIVIS, munitus ss. moribundorum et sepultus die 10 hujus · 88 · febris et senectus». The house column of this page reads 53, 47, 59, 13, 54, 30, 65, 17, 33, 7 — which settles Antonia's house as 53 and not 5, where she was baptised four weeks earlier. Jacobus is «civis» where the other men are «agla»; he kept house 7, which the 1826 census also gives him.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069276, page 93. House 73, 6 March 1853: «Pasqualis-Blasius Gasparich EX EXPOSITIS, sep. 8° hujus · 3 · rachithidis» — a foundling of three, and this one carries a local surname where the others carry German ones. House 41, 3 April: «Josephus Udovicich, agla, refectus s. sacramentis moribundorum et sep. die 5° hujus · 62 · VARIOLAE SPURIAE» — false smallpox, the term for a modified attack in someone already vaccinated or previously infected. Its appearance in 1853 says vaccination had reached this parish; the same register wrote «Pustulla» for the epidemic of 1789 and plain «Variola» in 1811.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069278, page 98, 1858. «Maij 14° · 3 · Ane Maria DEPRATO, agla · 66 · febris», and then «Septbris 8° · 6 · Mathaea DEFRANCESCHI, agla, munita s. sacramentis moribundorum, sepulta vero 9° hujus · 86 · hydropisis». Written four months apart by the same priest, the two surnames are plainly different words — which is how this reading is secured, since at page scale the «De—» families of this parish are the archive's standing hazard. The interest is the house: 6 is the Deprato house, named as such by the book's own index («Deprato Leonardus N.º 6») and by three Deprato deaths. This archive already held Mathaea as «wife of Leonardus, house 6, maiden surname not captured».
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069280, page 102, third entry of 1862: «22 Martii · M. R. D. Petrus Milcetich, Parochus loci, … sacramentis munitus, sepultus est 24. huj. · 58 · pleuropneumonia». The signature in the right-hand column is not his: «Franciscus Coverlizza, Parochus, Decanus Petinae» — the Dean of Pićan, whose hand has signed the annual visitation at the foot of these pages since the 1840s, writing the entry for the priest he had been inspecting. For the rest of 1862 the column reads «Blasius Zwölberr, Administrator Parochialis». Entries 8 and 10 to 13 are all «dysenteria»: the parish lost its priest in March and buried five of its people to dysentery in August and September.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069284, page 109: «1866 Septemb. 11 · 7 · Victor Josephus Defranceschi, cives, sep. die 12. Sep. · 4 ann · Typhus». House 7 — the house the 1826 census gives his great-grandfather — and «cives» again, the fourth time this register marks the family out from the «agricolae» around it. This archive already held his birth (22 April 1862) and the day he died; what the entry adds is the cause. It is the third typhus in this book in four years, after a man of 27 in 1863 and a boy of 15 in January 1865.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069282, page 105, 6 September 1864, house 46. The name column begins with a dash and then only a surname: «— Rabar, agricola ILLEGIT.» The cause column reads «mortuus natus» — born dead — and where the officiant signs every other entry on the page, this one says «sepultus a mulieribus»: buried by the women. An unbaptised stillborn child has no forename to enter and no priest at the grave, and the register records both absences in four words.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069286, page 114. The year opens with five burials from house 28, between 3 and 17 January, and the cause is the same for every one: «angina polyposa» — diphtheria. Josephus Flegar, 37; Matthaeus Flegar, 6; Joanna Flegar, 10; Joannes Flegar, 4; Catharina Flegar-Sidre, 1. Three more follow in March at other houses. In the middle of them, at house 7: «1870 Martii 10ma · Clementina Defranceschi, POSSIDENS, munita SS Sacram. et sepulta 11. Martii · 47 · Phthisis» — a different illness, and the entry that moved her death year thirty years, from the 1840 this archive had published to the 1870 the family tree had always given.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069289, page 119, 4 January 1872, house 36: «Anna Cima d'or EX EXPOSITIS TERGESTI, et sepulta die 5. h.» — from among the exposed of Trieste. For twenty-four years this register had entered children as «ex expositis» without saying where they came from, and this archive had recorded the obvious inference — a city foundling hospital — as an inference. Here the priest names the city. Two entries below, another: «Antonia Declevaea ex expositis». The surname «Cima d'or» is itself a mark of the trade: foundling houses invented names for children who had none.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069291, page 123: «1874 Septemb. 12 · 6 · Virginia Defranceschi, agla, sepulta die 14. h. · 1 anni · Hydropisia». This archive held her only from the family tree, with two years, no place and an empty note. The entry gives her a parish, a house, a cause and a burial. Two things to notice: the house is 6 — where Mathaea Defranceschi died in 1858, and which was demonstrably the Deprato house in 1801, 1809 and 1817 — and the condition is «agla», agricola, where the Defranceschi of house 7 are entered «civis» and «possidens» in this same book.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069293, page 128, 1876. Ruled across the middle of the page: «Vidi in visitatione canonica die 7. Julii 1876. G. Dobrila, Ep[iscopu]s» — a BISHOP, where every other inspection in this volume is signed by a Decanus, a dean. At the foot: «1876 Septembris 24 · 14 · Maria De=franceschi, MERCATOR, die 25. Septembris sepulta est», with the cause «Nata mortua» — born dead — and, written above it, «in manu baptizata»: baptised in the hand. That phrase is the whole difference between this entry and the stillbirth of 1864, where the name column is a dash and the officiant column says «buried by the women». Baptised, she has a forename and a parish burial.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069295, page 132: «1878 Decembris 22. · 7 · Josephus Defranceschi, POSSIDENS, munitus SS. et sepultus die 24. Dec. 1878 · 70 · Senectus». This archive had published that he died on 22 December 1857. Seventy on 22 December 1878 closes on his birth of 13 March 1808; at 1857 he would have been forty-nine. The day and the month were already right — only the decade was wrong, exactly as with Clementina Maria Defranceschi, corrected the same morning from 10 March 1840 to 10 March 1870. Both rows had carried a note saying the burial register was what the question needed, and in both the family tree turned out to be right.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069297, page 135 — the end of the book. One entry: «23 Januarii 1880 · 35 · Theresia V.a Joannis Udovicic Gospod · 76 · Apoplexia non fuit prov[isa]». Below it, ruled across the page and written in ITALIAN where the whole volume is Latin: «Segue libro nuovo · Vol. IV» — the new book follows, volume four. The next frame is blank. Ninety-six years of a parish's dead, from the first entry of 1784 to this one, end with a note telling the reader where to go next. That volume is not on either reel this family holds.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths, image M01069302 — the «F» and «G» columns of the book's index. Each block is a HOUSEHOLD: a surname, its byname, its house number, and then its members with the page each one died on. «Flegar alias Giacotich N. 76», «Flegar Sidre N. 57», «Gasparich alias Skillas N. 37 et 38», «Gaspetich N. 5». The next page completes G with Gherbaz «faber ferrarius» N. 22, Ghersan N. 98 and N. 108, Giurando N. 115, Giuratich (cross-referenced elsewhere) and Gregorovich N. 86. There is no Grach. Theresia née Grach bore the casa 31 household and an archpriest of her family stood godfather here in 1785, but her people kept no house in this parish and buried nobody in it across ninety-six years.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths 1784–1880, image M01069313 — the final column of the book's index, headed «Extranei». After the household blocks end at «Zajz Giurando N.º 115» the compiler lists six people who died in the parish and did not belong to it, each with where they came from and the page they are on: «Gherscovich Oliva vid.ᵃ ex Cerovglie» (p. 4), the illegitimate twins «Jacobus et Andreas Callagaz … ex Cherbune» (p. 13), «Ausul Maria … ex Gradigne» (p. 15), «Afflich Michael Andrejevich ex Paas» (p. 41), «Chiuch Petrus furlanus ex Castro ⟨—⟩otti fossor» (p. 48), and «Radde Lucia … ex territorio Cherbune nata Bora‹›ıcich q.m Joannis» (p. 53). Krbune twice; Cerovlje once; one Friulian. Three of the six are on famine-year pages. The word «furlanus» appears here and not in the register entry itself.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica deaths 1784–1880, page 128, image M01069293 — two inspections eight months apart, and the only bishop in the whole volume. Across the page: «Vidi in visitatione canonica die 7. Julii 1876. G. Dobrila, Ep.s» — Juraj Dobrila, Bishop of Trieste and Capodistria from 29 May 1875 to his death in 1882, which is how this line names the diocese Gologorica belonged to. At the foot: «Vidi Petinae die 18. Martii 1877 · Jac. Bariha, Decanus» — the Dean of Pićan, routine and annual. The deanery at Pićan; the diocese at Trieste. Between the two signatures stands the entry for Maria Defranceschi, «nata mortua», «in manu baptizata», buried 25 September 1876.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica Status Animarum 1826, images M01069324 (above) and M01069323 (below) — the two lines that refute this archive's published answer to the house-6 question. Above: «Vincentius Sestan, cives, 25 Martii 1780» with «Maria Uxor NATA DEPRATO, 9 Januarii 1786». Below: «Jacobus Defranceschi, civilitas, 21 Julii 1762», then «Antonius Sestan defᵗⁱ Vincentii et Mariae, 29 Junii 1814» with «Joanna uxor NATA DEFRANCESCHI, 25 Junii 1818». The death book's index stacks Deprato and Sestan at house 6; the census shows the two families joined by marriage, and a Defranceschi bride marrying into the next generation. Jacobus's birth date in the same image — a date, not an age — corrects this archive's unsourced 21 July 1761 to 1762.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Gologorica Status Animarum 1826, image M01069362 — the proof that the census's house column carries TWO numbers rather than a number and a count. The printed headings read «Nrus. Domus.» and, beside it, «Nrus. Inquilinorum juxta eorum familias.» The first column holds «36», written over a cancelled hatch, above «64» struck through with a diagonal; the second holds the family count, «2». The household is «Josephus Udovicich Pintar Gospod», «Rusticus», born 2 November 1796, with «Anastasia Uxor nata Sestan». Taken down the book the upper figures climb in order — 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39, 40 … — while the lower ones are scattered, which is how the live numbering can be told from the other without reading a hand.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
DAPA microfilm ZM34K-215, image M01070134 — a loose certificate bound into the Gračišće baptism register of 1746–1840. Its letterhead reads «Diocesi di Trieste - Capo d'Istria nel Litorale austriaco» and «Distretto di Pisino», which independently confirms, from a second parish and nine years earlier, the diocese this archive established on 6 October from a bishop's signature at Gologorica. The text certifies that Pietro, legitimate son of the late Martino Krisman, farmer, and the late Maria née Jerach, born at Scopliaco in the parish of Gallignana at house 11 on 28 June 1836, was baptised by Don Antonio Scubla, parish priest of Gallignana, with Giovanni Runco and his wife Mattea as godparents and Maria Trelesco as midwife. Issued from the parish office at Gallignana on 25 March 1867 and signed by Mattia Zimmermann, parish priest.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-215 — the family's own copy of the film
A certified «Prepis» of a death entry, photographed; the original is in private hands and was sent to David by a Defranceschi. The printed heading «KRALJEVINA: JUGOSLAVIJA · Gradsko poglavarstvo u Zagrebu · Banovina: Savska» is overstamped «Hrv. st. katolička Crkva · Nezavisna Država Hrvatska», and the top line reads «Za regulisanje penzije kod Financijske direkcije – prosto od taksa» — so the copy was drawn under the Independent State of Croatia, 1941–45, for a pension claim on a death of 1931. The entry is from «matica umrlih hrvatske Staro-katoličke župe sv. Križa u Zagrebu», svez. I, str. 13, br. 17. It records that on «jedanaestoga novembra, Hiljadu devetstotina trideset i prve» — 11 November 1931 — died «Grga Defranceschi, bravar kod sekcije Držav. željeznica u Zagrebu», a fitter with the State Railways; spouse «Marija rodj. Lovrencin, supruga mu»; born «Ližnjan (Istra)»; resident and died at «Zagreb, Mošćenička ul. 12»; religion «starokatolička». ⚠ The last row, «dan, mjesec i godina rodjenja» — his birth date — falls at the very bottom edge of the photograph: the label is legible and the value is not, beyond what may be an opening «17».
from Private hands — photograph sent to the family, October 2026
DAPA microfilm ZM34K-215, image M01070082, right-hand page (folio 134) of the «II Liber Baptizatorum» of Gallignana 1667–1745. Bound between a baptism of 17 July 1732 and one of 12 August, in a hand that is not the parish priest's: «Die 18 Lulij 1732 — In Visitatione &c. Attentis ommissionibus repertis in libro hoc Baptizatorum, seriò admonentur omnes Ministri huius Sacramenti ut quàmprimùm comodè fieri poterit, imò nulla interposita mora, diligenter adnottentur quæque per negligentiam omissa fuère, et in posterum observetur formula in Rituali Romano præscripta, sub pœna arbitrii &c. et ita &c.» Signed «Fran.cus Augustinus Corsi Vic.us Gen.lis, et Præpositus» — Francesco Agostino Corsi, who four leaves later (M01070086) gives his style in full as «Vic.us Gen.lis Petenensis et Præpositus Pisini» — Vicar General of Pedena and Provost of Pisino (Pazin). The visitor records that entries are missing from the book and orders them to be recovered and written in.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-215 — the family's own copy of the film
DAPA microfilm ZM34K-214, the Gologorica Status Animarum of 1826 (signatura 7.1). Three «Nrus. Domus» cells at twenty times magnification, from pages 19, 43 and 44 (images M01069337, M01069361, M01069362). Each carries two figures: an upper one struck through with a diagonal stroke, a ruled line, and a lower one left standing — «20» struck above «27»; «35» struck above «64»; «30» struck above «64», the 64 itself later struck when that household went. The upper figure is the superseded number and the lower is the live one, which is the opposite of what this archive had concluded. Pages 43 and 44 carry the same new number, 64, with «Nrus. Inquilinorum juxta eorum familias» 1 and 2 — so two separately numbered old houses became two tenant families of one new house. The renumbering is many-to-one, and no arithmetic relates the two systems.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
DAPA microfilm ZM34K-214, image M01068999, right-hand page of the Gologorica marriage register 1770–1789 — a book this archive had located but never read. Entry 45: «Joannes Baptista Defranceschi q.ᵐ Leonardi filius, professionis suæ Textor, copulatus est cum Virgine Theresia, filia Antonij Grah ex Parochia Cherbune, à Rev.ᵐᵒ D.ⁿᵒ Archipresbytero et Parocho Cherbunensi Joanne Grah, in facie Ecclesiæ coram testibus ibidem notatis.» The year is fixed by the «1774» divider on the facing page and the «1775» divider four entries below. Cropped past the entry on both sides so the two neighbours show: the marriage above and the marriage below are both «professionis suæ Agricola», which is what makes the Defranceschi groom's trade legible as a trade and not a formula.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Four words from one page of one book, all at six times and at the same magnification — DAPA microfilm ZM34K-214, image M01068999, Gologorica marriages. Top: the trade of the Defranceschi groom of 9 June 1774. Second: «textore» in the ablative, the trade of a witness nineteen days later in entry 62, written over a correction and heavy with it, but the same letters in the same order. Third and fourth: «Agricola» from the entries of 7 February 1774 and 15 September 1773, the ordinary answer in this column. The reading that had to be excluded was «Tector», a plasterer; the third letter of the first word carries a crossing stroke and a loop, and the scribe's plain «c» stands twice in «Agricola» below it for comparison. A weaver, not a plasterer, and the only man on the page who is not a farmer.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
DAPA microfilm ZM34K-214, image M01069003, the Gologorica marriage register. Four cuts from one opening at one magnification. Top: the column heading written once at the head of the left page — «Num. Domus», number of the house — which is the only place in the frames read so far that the margin is labelled at all. Below it, three entries in which the number in the margin is written again inside the prose as the groom's own «sub N.º»: 13 against «Sub N.º 13» (24 November 1783), 108 against «sub N.º 108» (27 January 1784), 70 against «sub N.º 70» (9 February 1784). Two further matches on the same opening, 9 and 41, are not reproduced here. The second of these also settles the objection that defeated the first attempt at this question: house numbers in this register run past a hundred, so a margin reading 115 or 110 is an ordinary house and not evidence that the column counts something else. ⚠ The heading and all six in-text matches are in the hand that begins about 1782; the entries of the 1770s carry the same marginal column with no heading and no in-text number to check it against.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
DAPA microfilm ZM34K-214, images M01069003, M01069004 and M01069005, the Gologorica marriage register. Four entries in which the officiant is also the scribe, so the hand is his own. 12 November 1782: «per me Parochum Franceschi in facie Ecclesiæ». 12 January 1785: «per me Parocum Joannē | Mathiam Franceschi», the forename broken across the line with «Joannē» abbreviated under a macron. 22 November 1785: «Ego idem Parochus de Franceschi hujus loci», this time with the particle. And 29 February 1788, the whole name in one line and nothing abbreviated: «Ego JOANNES MATTHIAS de FRANCESCHI, Parocus hujus loci». The archive had carried this man as Joannes Mathias Franceschi on the strength of a burial of 1798 reading only «MATH. DE FRANCESCHI, ex Parocho Gallegnanensi»; the fourth panel is the first document in which the whole name appears, written by him. The second panel was published first, on its own, with the «Joannes» flagged as an unconfirmed expansion of an abbreviation — the fourth panel, found an hour later on the next frame, is the second construction that rule asks for.
from Državni arhiv u Pazinu, microfilm ZM34K-214 — the family's own copy of the film
Bakar marriage register, page 161, the entry of 10 November 1783, at twice native resolution and all four cuts at the same magnification. Top: «D. Sabastiani Sablich» — the bride's father, and the two words open with an identical letterform. Second: «Catharinam Sablich», the bride, the same letter again. Third and fourth: «Jacobus» and «Josepho», the officiating priest and a witness, written by the same hand within three lines. The scribe's J is a bold stroke that rises high and drops a long descender below the baseline, hooking left; the Sablich initial rises and returns to the baseline with no descender at all. The reading is settled from inside the entry rather than by eye: whatever letter opens «Sabastiani» can only be an S, and it is the same letter that opens «Sablich» twice. The Gologorica baptism register of 1786 writes the same woman «nata JABLICH ex Buccari»; that is a second scribe's spelling of a name from another crown land, not a competing reading of this page.
from Hrvatski državni arhiv u Zagrebu, filmed by FamilySearch as 005494714 — image downloaded by the family
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068918: the first text page of «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, 1764, two entries at native resolution. TOP, 18 February 1764 — «Ego Mathias Defranceschi [—]us Sacerdos de licentia Parochi baptizavi Mathiam filiam legitimam defuncti Thomæ ac Mathiæ jugalium Zabran alias Strapich». The officiant writes in his own hand, between two entries of the parish priest Marcus Bancich, and «de licentia Parochi» says he holds no office here: four years before the Defranceschi priest's earliest previously known appearance, as cooperator in 1768. The word between the surname and «Sacerdos» is not settled and is left as «[—]us». BOTTOM, 26 April 1764 — Marcus Bancich baptises Joannes, son of Joannes and Oliva Udovcich, and the godparents are «D.nus Matheus Flegar, et Domina Supana Joanna vidua defuncti D.ni Supani JOANNIS BAPTISTÆ DEFRANCESCHI». The župan's forename pair, which the archive had only from Gračišće, is here written by his own parish; he is dead by this date; and his widow — buried in the family's arca inside the parish church on 21 April 1774, five days short of ten years later — carries the title «Supana» in her own right.
DAPA ZM34K-214, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, three godparent clauses at native resolution, all written by the parish priest Marcus Bancich. TOP, M01068918, 26 April 1764: «patrini fuere D.nus Matheus Flegar, et Domina Supana Joanna vidua defuncti D.ni Supani Joannis Baptistæ Defranceschi». MIDDLE, M01068919, 24 September 1765: «patrini fuerunt Thomas Flegar, et Joanna uxor defuncti Supani Joannis Baptistæ Defranceschi». BOTTOM, M01068921, 14 February 1767: the same clause again, for another child of the Udovcich Gospood. The župan's forename pair, which the archive previously had only from the Gračišće registers — his widow's own burial entry of 1774 abbreviates him to «Supani Joannis Defranceschi» — is written out three times in thirty-four months by his own parish. She is a godmother in all three, into her eighties, a decade after he is first entered «defuncti».
DAPA ZM34K-214, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, two godparent clauses at native resolution in the hand of the parish priest Marcus Bancich. TOP, M01068921, 15 October 1766: «patrini fuerunt R.dus D. Mathias Defranceschi et Euphemia uxor Judicis Antonij Flegar ex Novaco» — the Defranceschi priest named by another hand, with the style Reverendus Dominus, two years after he writes himself into this book as a priest holding no office here. The name reads «Mathias Defranceschi» exactly as it does in his own entry of 18 February 1764. BOTTOM, M01068919, 16 December 1764: «patrini fuere D.nus Joseph Defranceschi et Lucia uxor defuncti Lucæ Dujanich ex Novaco» — Josephus Defranceschi as godfather, four years and two months before his earliest previously recorded appearance, and «Dominus» here as there. The child is a daughter of «Supanus Martinus Udovcich Gospood»: eight months after the Defranceschi župan is entered dead, the register gives the title to another man.
DAPA ZM34K-214, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, at native resolution. TOP, M01068923, 17 April 1768: «Archipresbyter et Parochus Cerovglienensis Dominicus Clinzich baptizavit Petrum Antonium filium legitimum D.ni Josephi, et Helenæ jugalium Defranceschi; patrini fuerunt Josephus Belch, et Matthia uxor Jacobi Rovis q.m Matthæi, ambo Pisinenses» — the officiant is the archpriest of the neighbouring parish, not the parish priest who writes the entries either side, and the godparents are both from Pazin. The day is the same day the 1826 status animarum gives for Petrus Defranceschi, «civilitas», fifty-eight years later. MIDDLE, M01068922, 11 March 1767: «patrini fuerunt D.nus Joannes Petrus Defranceschi et Helena uxor D.ni Josephi Defranceschi» — Helena named as Josephus's wife two years before the archive had her, and a fourth dated appearance for Joannes Petrus, seventeen years after his third. BOTTOM, M01068923: «Die 15.ta Julij 1768 in prima Nostra G.li Visitatione · Revisus, et approbatus · Aldragus Ant.us Ep.us Petinensis» — the Bishop of Pedena signs the book, and writes the adjective for his own see as «Petinensis».
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068926, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica — three godparent clauses from the left-hand page of a single opening, at native resolution, all in the hand of the parish priest Marcus Bancich. TOP, 24 September 1769: «patrini fuerunt Joannes Baptista Defranceschi filius Leonardi, et Mathia uxor...» — no «q.m» before Leonardi, so the weaver out of Carnia was still living; the marriage entry of June 1774 does carry it, and the death register puts his burial at 14 March 1773, between the two. MIDDLE, 18 December 1769: «patrini fuerunt D.nus Joannes Baptista filius D.ni Josephi Defranceschi, et Helena uxor ejusdem D.ni Josephi, hujates» — the other man of the name, separated from the first by his father, twelve weeks later on the same page, and the earliest of four attestations of that sonship. Josephus's son carries «D.nus»; Leonardus's son does not. BOTTOM, 5 February 1770: «et Joanna vidua defuncti Joannis Baptistæ Defranceschi, hujas» — the župan's widow, a fourth time, at about eighty-six.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068929: a loose leaf lying across an opening of the Gologorica «Liber Baptizatorum II», photographed in place and then lifted for the next frame, M01068930. It is a certified extract from the baptism book of CEROVLJE, not part of this register at all: two Persevich baptisms of 5 January 1767 and 12 October 1770, closed «Sic de verbo ad verbum ex Libro Baptizatorum descripsit · Die 18. Aprilis 1793 · Laurentius Vicich m.p.a, Parochus». The first entry is signed «a me Archipræsbitero et Parocho Dominico Clinzich» — the same archpriest of Cerovlje who came to Gologorica on 17 April 1768 to baptise Petrus Antonius Defranceschi, here in his own parish fifteen months earlier, in a document written for unrelated reasons a quarter-century later. It also names a Vice-Parochus of Cerovlje, Gregorius Bosich, in 1770.
DAPA ZM34K-214, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, at native resolution. TOP, M01068932, 31 August 1774: «Josephus filius legitimus Matthæi, et Dominicæ jugalium Zabran baptizatus est ab Admodum R.do D.no CANONICO MATTHIA DEFRANCESCHI, de licentia Parochi hujus Loci» — in the hand of the parish priest Marcus Bancich. The Defranceschi canonry had been known only from a 1781 entry, flagged because the same register gives the title of titular canon of Pedena to a Mathias BAXA fourteen months earlier; this entry is six years before the Baxa one. BOTTOM, M01068931, September 1772: «baptizata est a me Sacerdote Mathia de Franceschÿ, loco Parochi» — the same name in what appears to be his own hand, two years before the canonry, with the godparent clause struck through and rewritten at the time. In both, and in 1764 and 1781, he baptises only by the parish priest's leave or in his place — never as the parish's own officer.
DAPA ZM34K-214, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, two godparent clauses by the same scribe, Marcus Bancich, at one magnification. TOP, M01068926, 24 September 1769: «patrini fuerunt Joannes Baptista Defranceschi filius Leonardi» — no «q.m». BOTTOM, M01068932, 29 October 1773: «patrini fuerunt Joannes Baptista Defranceschi q.m Leonardi» — the «q.m» present, with its superscript m. Between the two, on 14 March 1773, the death register buries «Leonardus Defranceschi annorum septuaginta sex … professionis suæ TEXTOR EX CARNIA», and the marriage of 9 June 1774 also carries «q.m Leonardi filius». The scribe writes the name four times and changes it once, in the gap where the funeral falls: an argument from the absence of «q.m» in 1769 is therefore an argument about this scribe's demonstrated habit, not about silence.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068934, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, at native resolution. TOP, 15 March 1776: «Josepha Mariana [Defranceschi] filia legitima Joannis Baptistæ ejusque uxoris Theresiæ, nata et baptizata ad Cherbunam per R.dum D.num Joannem Jadreicich, Capellanum Cherbunensem, de licentia ejusdem Loci Cherbunensis Parochi et Archipresbyteri Joannis Grah; patrini fuerunt Joannes Baptista Defranceschi, et Rosalia Defranceschi, filia D.ni Josephi Defranceschi, hujates.» The surname and the mother's name are both interlined by the same pen, as is Rosalia's parentage. The child was born in her mother's parish of Krbune and only recorded at Gologorica, which is why a sweep of Gologorica baptisms by house number could not find her; she is the Mariana who died at house 31 on 4 October 1786 aged ten, whose death entry named no parents. BOTTOM, 15 April 1776: «Georgius filius legitimus Michaelis GRAH ejusque uxoris Dominicæ … patrini fuerunt Joannes Baptista Defranceschi hujas, et Maria uxor Judicis Matthæi Silich ex Parochia Cherbune» — the Grah name at Gologorica a month later, with a Defranceschi godfather.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068933, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, at native resolution: «Maria Elena filia legitima jugalium Leonardi, et Catharinæ DEPRATO baptizata est ab Admodum R.do D.no CANONICO MATHIA DEFRANCESCHI cum licentia mea Parochi hujus Loci; patrini fuerunt JOANNES VERZIN EX CARNIA, professionis suæ SARTOR, et ROSALIA filia D.ni JOSEPHI DEFRANCESCHI ex hac Parochia.» Three things in one entry: the Defranceschi canonry attested a second time, seven months after the 1774 entry and six years before the Baxa objection to it; the parish priest Marcus Bancich writing «cum licentia MEA» in the first person, so the canon is plainly not the parish's own officer; and a second man described as out of Carnia in a trade, two years after «Leonardus Defranceschi … professionis suæ TEXTOR EX CARNIA» — the same construction, a different trade, a different family.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068938, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, at native resolution. TOP, 10 February 1779: «Mathia filia legitima Joannis Sherbaz FABRI, et ejus uxoris Catharinæ baptizata est a me Marco Bancich Parocho hujus Loci; patrini fuerunt Vitus Pavelich, et Helena uxor D.ni Josephi Defranceschi MERCATORIS ex hac Parochia.» The child's own father is entered as a smith in the same line, so the scribe is attaching trades deliberately: this is a merchant household, and it accounts for the «Dominus» on every entry, the archpriest fetched from Cerovlje for a christening, the godparents from Pazin and the «civilitas» the 1826 census still gives the son. BOTTOM, 26 January 1779: «patrini fuerunt Joannes Baptista Defranceschi q.m Leonardi, et Theresia uxor ejusdem, ex hac Parochia» — husband and wife named together as godparents, joining the two names outside the marriage register for the first time.
DAPA ZM34K-214, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, at native resolution, all in the hand of the parish priest Marcus Bancich. TOP, M01068936, 3 March 1777: «baptizatus est a Rev.dissimo CANONICO MATHIA DEFRANCESCHI de licentia mea Parochi hujus Loci». MIDDLE, M01068936, 5 August 1777: «baptizata est ab Admodum R.do D.no CANONICO MATTHIA DEFRANCESCHI cum licentia Parochi». BOTTOM, M01068937, 14 February 1778: «baptizatus est ab Admodum R.do D.no Can.co MATHIA DEFRANCESCHI de licentia mea Parochi MARCI BANCICH». With the entries of 31 August 1774 and 7 March 1775 these make five, over four years, in one hand, the title written out every time and twice with the parish priest naming himself in the first person as the man granting leave. The canonry had rested on a single 1781 entry, flagged because the same register gives the titular canonry of Pedena to a Mathias Baxa fourteen months before it.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068941, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, at native resolution, both entries written by the man who signs them. TOP, 10 January 1782: «Ego Mathias de Franceschi, CANONICUS Ecclesiæ Cathedralis PETINENSIS, baptizavi Infantem natam ex Simeone et Maria Zaoran (sub N.o 73. Domus), conjugibus hujus Parochiæ (: cujus Parochus INFIRMUS EST, D.nus presbiter MARCUS BANCICH :)» — the canon deputising, and saying in the entry why. BOTTOM, 24 February 1782: «Ego JOANNES MATHIAS FRANCESCHI, CANONICUS et PAROCHUS GOLLOGORITIÆ, baptizavi filium infantem natum ex Giorgio et Mathia Coscoli sive Uglessich». Marcus Bancich died on 25 January 1782, fifteen days after the first entry; thirty days after his death the same hand has added «et Parochus» to its own style. The archive had kept a canon called «Mathias» and a parish priest called «Joannes Matthias» apart because the registers never joined them; here he joins them himself.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068941, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, at native resolution. TOP, 26 December 1781, «Sub N.o 10»: «Joannes filius legitimus Viti et Mariæ jugalium Selescho baptizatus fuit à me, Mathia de Franceschi Can.co» — his own hand, a month before the parish priest's illness is first mentioned. MIDDLE, 20 January 1782, «Sub N.o 83 Domus»: «Infirmo D.no Parocho hujus Loci Gollogoritiæ, Ego Mathias Franceschi Canonicus Ecclesiæ Cathedralis Civitatis Petinæ baptizavi filium infantem natum ex Severino et Maria Crismanich». BOTTOM, 30 March 1782, Holy Saturday, «Sub N.o 31. Domus»: «Ego Joannes Mathias Franceschi, Canonicus et Parochus Gollogoritiæ, baptizavi filium infantem natum ex Joanne Baptista et Cattarina DEPRATO … cui impositum est nomen Franciscus Ignatius. Patrini fuerunt Joannes Baptista filius Josephi de Franceschi et Margarita ejusdem filia» — Margarita Defranceschi alive at a font a year and three weeks before her death, beside her brother. Every one of these entries carries a house number; the previous parish priest numbered none in eighteen years of this book.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068943, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, the male sequence, entry 61, at native resolution: «Ego Joannes Florcich Capellanus baptisavi filium legitimum natum die 13 hujus ex Joanne Baptista DEPRATO, et Catharina ejus uxore, e Parochia Petinensi, conjugibus hujus loci, cui impositum est nomen Joannes Eusebius. Patrini fuere Dominus Josephus Defranceschi, et Domina Catharina Defranceschi nata SABLICH BUCCARENSIS.» Three years earlier than the archive's previous earliest sighting of her, and the register gives her origin as a single Latin adjective — Buccarensis, of Bakar — rather than the prepositional «ex Buccari» of 1786.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068943, the entry of 16 December 1783, three cuts at one magnification, all by the chaplain Joannes Florcich inside a single paragraph. TOP: «…chi nata Sablich» — the surname's initial rises from the baseline, loops, and returns to it, with no descender. MIDDLE: «fuere Josep[hus]». BOTTOM: «Joannes Eusebiu[s]». In both of the scribe's own J's the stroke rises high and then drops a long descender below the baseline, hooking left; the surname's initial does neither. This scribe writes S. It does not overturn the Gologorica entry of October 1786, whose «Jablich» was proved the same way against its own scribe's J — it shows that both spellings are native to the parish, in different hands, three years apart.
DAPA ZM34K-214, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, two godparent clauses at one magnification. TOP, M01068943, 5 February 1783: «Patrini fuerunt Joannes Baptista DEPRATO, Leonardi filius, et Catharina uxor ejusdem Leonardi, ambo ex hac Parochia.» BOTTOM, M01068932, 29 October 1773: «patrini fuerunt Joannes Baptista DEFRANCESCHI q.m Leonardi, et Catharina uxor Antonij Marion, hujates.» The village held both men at once: a Joannes Baptista Deprato son of Leonardus Deprato, and a Joannes Baptista Defranceschi son of Leonardus Defranceschi. Where a surname is abbreviated, damaged or omitted, a patronymic cannot separate them.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068944, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, the male sequence, at native resolution — both of these baptisms are ALSO entered in Liber Baptizatorum IV, and the two books do not say the same things. TOP, entry 56, 6 January 1785: «Admod. R.dus CAROLUS COVAZ, CANONICUS ANTIGNANÆ, habita licentia Parochi, baptizavit filium legitimum natum ex Joanne Baptista, ejusque uxore Cattarina de Franceschj … cui impositum est nomen Josephus, 5.ta ejusdem mensis natus. Patrini fuere Antonius, ejusque uxor Maria Covaz ex Pisino.» Liber IV gives this child's house and midwife and the second forename «Anton»; only Liber II gives his birth date and his officiant — the same canon who buried Joannes Petrus Defranceschi in 1781. BOTTOM, entry 31, 13 April 1785: «Ego idem Parochus baptizavi filium legitimum natum ex Joanne Bapta Defranceschj ejusque uxore TERESIA … nomen Franciscus Antonius. Patrini fuere D.nus Archipresbiter GRAH, Parochus Cherbune, et CATTARINA UXOR JOANNIS BAPTA DEFRANCESCHJ.» Liber IV names the godmother only as «Catharina Defranceschi»; Liber II says whose wife she is, separating the two Joannes Baptistas by their women for the fourth time in this volume.
DAPA ZM34K-214, two marginal house numbers in the hand of Joannes Mathias Franceschi, at one magnification. TOP, M01068944, the margin of the Franciscus Antonius entry of 13 April 1785, where the house is independently given as 31 by Liber Baptizatorum IV: the first figure is an open, angular 3 with a flat top; the second is a dotted upright, which is how this hand writes 1. BOTTOM, M01068941, the margin of the Holy Saturday entry of 30 March 1782, read an hour earlier as «31» with a warning attached because its parents are Deprato: the second figure matches, but the first is a CLOSED LOOP, not this scribe's 3. The 1782 house is not 31 — 61 and 81 are the readings worth testing — and no Deprato household is placed in the Defranceschi door.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068946, «Liber Baptizatorum II», Gologorica, the male sequence of 1787, at native resolution; the new parish priest has added a profession to every entry. TOP, house 35, 12 August 1787: «Ego idem Parochus hujus loci baptizavi filium legitimum natum ex Joanne Baptista et Teresia DEFRANCESCHJ, conjugibus hujus Parochiæ, professione TEXTOR. Cui nomen impositum est Joannes Bapta. Patrini fuerunt Mathias Ortis filius Joannis Baptistæ, Textoris, ex Novacco, et vidua Maria Orlich ex Pisino.» A fourth child for the couple married in 1774, and the weaving trade written down a third time — after the burial of Leonardus «TEXTOR EX CARNIA» in 1773 and the groom's own «professionis suæ Textor» in 1774. BOTTOM, house 65, 4 October 1787: «Patrini fuerunt viduus Antonius Bovis ex Petina, et HELLENA UXOR Josephi de Franceschi ex hac Parochia» — uxor, not vidua, and the same clause shows the scribe using «viduus» where he means it. The obit calendar, a copy made about 1800, buries Margarita in April 1783 as the daughter of a «q.» Giuseppe; a man cannot be dead then and have a living wife in October 1787.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068984, «Liber Mortuorum II», Gologorica, the male sequence, at the foot of the 1787 page, at native resolution: «36 · Die 30, hora 4.ta Matutina, anno quo supra · Obijt JOSEPHUS DE FRANCESCHJ, MERCATOR, ætatis suæ annorum 64. Provisus in sua infirmitate omnibus Sacramentis necessariis a R.do D.no Can.co Joanne Martinich. Cujus corpus 31 dicti sepultum est in Cœmeterio extra Locum, per R.mum D.num Parocum ANICICH Novacci.» House 36, the senior Defranceschi door. The age gives a birth about 1723 and the death falls at the end of 1787, where this archive carried 1722–1782 from a family tree; his wife is entered «uxor», not «vidua», seven weeks earlier. The sacraments came from the Canon of Gračišće who nine years later signs another Defranceschi burial, and the grave from the parish priest of Novaki who buries this household again in 1792. The entry names no month of its own: the entry above it is 15 November and the burial is «31 dicti», which no November has.
DAPA ZM34K-214, two cuts at one magnification. TOP, M01068984, the burial of 1787: «…chj, MERCATOR, æta[tis]». BOTTOM, M01068938, a baptism of 10 February 1779, fainter but the same word: «Helena uxor D.ni Josephi Defranceschi MERCATORIS». The trade was published from the 1779 entry alone and flagged, because the archive's standing rule wants a second construction before a trade is read as settled. The man's own burial supplies it, in a different volume, in a different hand, eight years later.
DAPA ZM34K-215, the Gračišće baptism register 1746–1840, the ruled table, at native resolution; Pater, Mater and Patrini columns of three rows. TOP, M01070191, 13 May 1785: «Josephus Grach | Dominica Grach | Sò Giudece Francesco Picot, Giovan. Picot Giud.» — Cives. MIDDLE, M01070198, 25 January 1790: «Josephus Grah | Dominica Grah | Joannes Jerbulla, Notburga Jerbulla» — the godparents entered Supanus and Judicissa, the village headman and the judge's wife. BOTTOM, M01070218, 8 May 1802: «Josephus Grah | Dominica Grah | Joannes Salamon x, Theresia Defranceschi x» — Cives. The last is the entry this archive had already cited in its table of Defranceschi godparent appearances, reading the Patrini column for one surname and never looking at the Pater column, where the Grah had been sitting.
DAPA ZM34K-215, two cuts at one magnification. TOP, M01070196, 19 April 1788: «Marianna vidua Cinrich», which at page scale reads convincingly as «Marianna vidua Grah» and was flagged as such before magnification destroyed it; the same surname recurs on M01070199, M01070222 and M01070224. BOTTOM, M01070191, 13 May 1785: «Josephus Grach». The Cinrich initial is an open C with a long sweeping entry stroke and no bowl; the Grah initial closes into a bowl and carries the surname's distinctive h. Anyone sweeping this register for Grah has to magnify every candidate rather than trust the page.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068796, «Status animarum Cerovlje–Previž», house 18, at native resolution. TOP: «GRAH Mathias def. Mathiae», rusticus, born 15 August 1837, married 26 January 1863, died 10 September 1929, with «Maria n. KROŠNJAK, uxor», born 1 July 1839, died 5 November 1908, and their sons Antonius, Lucas and Joannes. BOTTOM: «GRAH Matthaeus fil. Mathiae», rusticus, born 21 November 1863, married 8 February 1892, died 26 October 1940, with «Maria n. GRŽEVIĆ, uxor», born 31 October 1868, died 14 November 1938, and nine children entered between 1892 and 1909. The house runs on through a third and fourth generation to children born in the 1960s. Faint pencil above the second heading reads «Gracco» — the Italianised form of the surname, added by a later hand.
DAPA ZM34K-214, «Status animarum Cerovlje–Previž», three cuts at one magnification. TOP, M01068796: «GRAH M[athias]», the register's own form, used throughout in ink. MIDDLE, M01068795: «n. GRAH-MIŠAN», the compound, on the entry of a Grah daughter married into the Dujanić household — the archive had already met «Grah · Missan» at Gračišće and guessed it a byname rather than a place. BOTTOM, M01068796: a faint later PENCIL annotation above a Grah household heading reading «Gracco», the Italianised form, which sits above the heading rather than in it and would be the form used by an Italian-era index or civil record of the 1920s and 1930s. A search of this parish under any one of the three misses the other two.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068779, page 3 of the «Status animarum Cerovlje–Previž»: a clergy list written into the parish's own census book, giving fifteen incumbents from 9 November 1871 onward, each with the day he began, the day he ended and his tenure in years, months and days — Volčić, Hrovat, Volčić again, Zic, Germ, Gojtan, Dekleva, Škvarč, Šemberger, Hrádek, Žváček, Kurelić, Jelovac, Matijašić and a fifteenth entered in 1979. Four are marked «excurrendo» — serving from another parish — and the list names which: «e Novaco» three times, and for Ludovicus Žváček, administrator from 24 October 1913 to 1923, «e GOLOGORICA». For those ten years one priest served Gologorica and Cerovlje together.
DAPA ZM34K-214, «Status animarum Cerovlje–Previž», two cuts at one magnification. TOP, M01068860, in the Lušetić household of house 25: «Grach Rosa fil. Matthaei», born 13.6.1909 — and above it, in faint later PENCIL, «Gracco ver. Grah», that is «Gracco, properly Grah». The archive had inferred that equation from context; here the annotator states it. The same pencil hand marks at least six Grah household headings. The entry also carries the family across the book: house 18 enters «Roža», born 13.VI.1909, among the nine children of Grah Matthaeus, so this is that daughter in her husband's household, two houses away. BOTTOM, M01068885, the same family written out again in the book's second, Croatian sequence: «Ruža r. FLEGAR», born 3.XI.1900 — the wife whose maiden name the Latin half had been read as «Rogar», corrected the same day. Flegar is one of the commonest surnames in the Gologorica registers.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069168, the alphabetical index at the back of the Gologorica baptism register 1784–1880, under «D»: «Defranceschi Joseph deffti Josephi, N.º [struck] 104» with «63» written beneath — the household's number given three times over — and then twelve children, each with the page of its baptism: Josephus Lambertus 45, Carolus Joseph 51, Maria Aloysia 57, Maximilianus (obiit) 61, Franciscus Xaverius 65, Amalia 67, Clementina 73, Clementina 76 «ebbe l'attestato del vajolo», Hedvigis Maria Adelhaides 78, Maximilianus 85, Enrichus Jacobus 89, Aloysius ibid. The same opening carries two further households of the name with no children under them — «Defranceschi Petrus N.º 8» and «Defranceschi Leonardus deffti Antonii N.º 10» — and «Deprato Joanes Bapta N.º 6» with four. The Leonardus entry documents a filiation that worklist 171 had flagged as «not written anywhere».
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069169, the «G» block of the Gologorica baptism index 1784–1880, both pages. It runs Gasparich Matthaeus alias Skillar N.37, Gasparich Antonius alias Skillar N.38, Gherbaz Joanes faber ferrarius N.74, Gherson Marinus N.108, Gherson Matthias alias Ghersanich N.98, Giurando – Zajz N.115, and Giuratich (cross-referred to Crosgniach under C and Zabran under Z) — and then the index jumps straight to L, H, I, J and K having nobody in them. There is no Grah, no Grach and no Gracco: not one household of the name baptised a child at Gologorica in ninety-six years. The nil is bounded — this is a household directory, and a married woman is indexed under her husband's surname, so Grah mothers and Grah godmothers lie outside it.
DAPA ZM34K-214, the Gologorica baptism register 1764–1788, its whole structure in four cuts. FIRST, M01068915: the film's own printed title card, «MATIČNA KNJIGA ROĐENIH 1764-1788 · SIGNATURA 3.2». SECOND, M01068917: the book's cover, «LIBER BAPTIZATORUM II.dus … ab anno 1764», with later arithmetic scribbled beside it. THIRD, M01068942: «1782 · Masculi baptizati sub Parocho JOANNE MATHIA FRANCESCHJ». FOURTH, M01068948: «1782 · Fœminæ baptizatæ sub Parocho Joanne Mathia Franceschi». From 1782 the volume is two registers bound as one, each under its own heading naming the new parish priest — the same split the death book uses, and the one this archive once failed to carry across at the cost of a reversed descent. A count taken from M01068942–947 is a count of the boys.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068981, «Liber Mortuorum II», both halves of the opening that carries the entire year 1782 in the male sequence. Nine deaths, and the register names them all: Marcus Bancich the archpriest (25 January, aged 77), Franciscus Ignatius Deprato (12 May, 42 days), Jacobus Cinich (22 July, one year), Georgius Stojsich dictus Dobardan (19 August, 57), Matthæus Ancich (7 September, 16 days), Joannes the servant of Leonardus Deprato (15 September, 26), Josephus Flegar sive Giacotich (30 September, 36 years 6 months), Joannes Udovcich Gospod (13 November, five) and Marinus Crismanich (22 December, 52, suddenly). Not one Defranceschi. This archive carried a death of 1782 for Josephus Defranceschi off a family tree for a year; the parish buried no man of the surname that year, and the obit calendar never produced him either. The nil is what let two roster rows be adjudicated as one man.
DAPA ZM34K-214, two cuts at one magnification. TOP, M01069358, the Gologorica status animarum of 1826, house 25, in the Bubich household: «Marianna GRAH-MIŠAN ux. filia Matthiae et Justinae». This archive has carried her since 30 September as «Marianna Grah»; the register writes the hyphenated compound, and it was there all along. BOTTOM, M01068795, the Cerovlje status animarum, house 17: «Maria ux. n. GRAH-MIŠAN», a Grah daughter married into the Dujanić household. The same compound appears a third time at Gračišće, where this archive first met it as «Grah · Missan» and guessed it was a byname rather than a place. Three parishes, one form — and a search under bare «Grah» finds none of them reliably.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069759, page 18 of the «Repertorium» at the back of the Gologorica status animarum of 1894 — an alphabetical index keyed on surname-initial plus forename-initial, giving each person's house number and the page of the census. Under «G R»: Graber Rosa; «Grah - Missan Rosalia», house 29, with 1845 in the Ætas band; Gržan Rosa; Gržević Rosa; Gržanić Romualdus. One Grah in two hundred and forty-six frames, and the index writes the hyphenated compound — the same form the archive first met at Gračišće as «Grah · Missan» and guessed was a byname rather than a place. Unlike the baptism book's index, this one lists people rather than households, so it sees women under their own surnames.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069577: a paper slip lying across blank status animarum pages at the back of the Gologorica census of 1862, headed «Ordo alfabeticus familiarum in hoc statu animarum contentarum» — the alphabetical order of the families in the book, each with its page. The G block is Gasparich and Ghersan only; there is no Grah household at Gologorica in 1862. The D block indexes two Defranceschi households — «Defranceschi Carmel Ant. et Francisca» at page 10 and «Defranceschi Franc. et Clotildis» at page 15 — and the S block «Sestan Anton. et Joanna Defranceschi» at page 5. It indexes FAMILIES, so a Grah wife would not appear in it: the nil is a nil for heads of house. This is the fourth loose document found lying on these two reels in a single day.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069823, at the back of the Gologorica status animarum of 1894: a list of the parish's elderly as at 31 December 1908, ordered by birth date, each with house number and age. Savetić Maria 1815 (93) · Želesko Matthaeus 1826 (82) · Stojšić Matthaeus 1827 (81) · DEFRANCESCHI MAXIMILIANUS, house 2, born 2 January 1828, aged 80 · Rabar-Šant. Josephus 1829 · Grbavac Dominica 1829 · Gašparić Mathias 1832 · DEFRANCESCHI ALOISIUS, house 87, born 4 May 1832, aged 76 · Rabar Josephus 1832 · Rabar Dominica 1833 · Bubić Joannes 1833. The list gives a birth date to the day for a man this archive carries on two roster rows without being able to choose between them, and the same page further on carries Ortis Clotildis of house 2, born 14 October 1834.
DAPA ZM34K-214, Gologorica Status Animarum 1921. Three households, three separate prefectoral decrees, each written in above the name. Top, Piljani house 27 (M01069855): «= Opassi (D. Pref. 2/5-29 N° 0-76)» over «Opašić Franciscus», and on the line below his wife carries a decree of her own — «Aemilia ux. n. Čeh = Ceceo (D.Pr. 3/5-29 N° 0-53)» — so the maiden name of a married woman was Italianised by a separate act, one day apart. Middle, house 28 (M01069856): «= Opassi (D. Pref. 4/5-29 N° 0-80)» over «Opašić Antonius», a third decree on a third consecutive day with its own protocol number. Bottom, Kamenik house 70 (M01069898): «Delle Vedove = P.P. 8/3-3[5] N° …» over «Udovičić Antonius» — not a respelling at all but a TRANSLATION, Croatian udovica meaning widow. The annotations in this book run from 1929 to 1935.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069915, Gologorica Status Animarum 1921, house 87. Top: «De Franceschi Aloisius», conditio «mercator», born 4 May 1832, confirmed 15 October 1841; «Joanna ux. n. Udovičić», born 19 November 1845, confirmed 11 May 1857; then «Gisella, filia» born 15 April 1873 and confirmed 27 August 1884, «Aloisius filius» born 14 May 1883, «Albina Lovrinovich» born 17 April 1893 and a daughter born 9 April 1920. Middle: «D'Atri Francus fil. Amedei», conditio «capitaneus exercitus» — an army captain — with «Norina de Franceschi fil. Aloysii», born 21 February 1913. Bottom: «Galliano Aloysius fil. Orestis», conditio «libero professionista», born 18 June 1913 and corrected above to 26 July 1913, with «Elda de Franceschi fil. Aloysii», born 15 October 1917 and corrected above to 27 October 1917. The children of the last two couples are living or may be living and are not reproduced here.
DAPA ZM34K-214, the index at the back of the Gologorica death register 1784–1880. Top (M01069301), the letter D: the household block «Defranceschi Joseph N. 17» with fourteen names and their page numbers — Catharina 3, Joseph 5, Joseph 8, Maria Antonia 11, Sancta 12, Catharina uxor 12, Rdus Joan. Mathias ex Parochus 15, Helena vidua 25, Catharina filia 30, Dnus Joan. Bapta 39, Maximilianus 58, Clementina 62, Maria 66, Amalia 67. Bottom (M01069306), the letter R: «Rabar Baron Georg. haeres Mat. Micich N. 84» runs 18, 44, 47, 51, 52. In neither block, nor anywhere else in the index, does a page number pass 71 — while the register itself is written to page 135. Page 67 is 1826–27 and page 135 is January 1880, so the index was kept for the first forty-odd years and then abandoned for the last fifty. A nil taken from this index is a nil to about 1830 and no further.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069047, Gologorica baptisms, 25 January 1805, house 70 — the baptism of Dominica Selesco «ex Doll.», midwife «Maria Selesco uxor Viti». Top, the whole opening-row. Bottom, the Patrini cell magnified: «Joseph: Baddetich fil: q. Johan», whose Conditio Patrinorum reads «gollogʒ.», and beneath him «Theresia grach Defranceschi uxor Joh: Baptistæ», whose Conditio reads «ex galligʒ.» The two place-words are by one pen on one page at one magnification and differ exactly where it matters — g-o-llo-g against g-a-lli-g. The same column on the facing openings writes «ex gallignana» out in full. Theresia née Grah of Krbune married Joannes Baptista Defranceschi at Gologorica on 9 June 1774; in 1784 the register called the pair «ambo ex hac Parochia». This is the first document that places her at Gallignana, which is Gračišće.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069089, folio 76 — the baptism of Clementina Maria Defranceschi, 6 October 1822, of «Dnus Joseph Defranceschi» and «Dna Lambertina ejus uxor nata PESLE». Top, the godparent cell entire: «Pietro Ant. Defranceschi» and, beneath, «Amalia Peschle ex Volosca», the pair entered «Cives Gollogo[ricenses]». Bottom, the place-word at four times magnification: V-o-l-o-s-c-a. Seven letters, opening on a flat-topped V, closing on a long terminal a; no dotted i anywhere and no e. «Silesia» would need two dotted i and an e, and shows neither. This archive published the word as «ex SILESIA» on 1 October 2026 and built worklist 170 — a search of the Austrian-Silesian registers for a German origin for Carlo De Franceschi's mother's family — on that one word. It says Volosca, which is where this archive had placed the Peschle in the first place.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069440, the Gologorica Status Animarum begun 1862 and kept up for decades. House 4: «Franciscus Defranceschi, filius Josephi et Lambertinae», conditio «possidens», born 17 Feb 1816, married 10 Oct 1859, died 4 Jan 1893 — Carlo De Franceschi's brother; and «Clotilda uxor n. Ortis», born 12 Oct 1834, with «e Novatico» in the Adnotatio. Then fourteen children, grouped by sex rather than by birth: Victor Josephus 1862 (died 11 Sept 1866, «vixit 4 a. 4 m. 20 d.»), Robertus 1869, Victor Richardus 1871, Franciscus Carolus Natalis 1874; then Anna Maria Francisca 1860, Amalia Lambertina 1863, Beatrix Hermenegildis 1865, Eleonora Clotildis Maria 1866, Maria Henrica and Clotildis Adelaidis both 5 April 1868 and braced «gemini», Sylvia Helena 1872, Lambertina Lina 23 Feb 1876. The lower bands magnify the two marriage annotations, written in Croatian in a Latin book: Beatrix «26. Nov. 1887 · za Ang. Val.» and Clotildis Adelaidis «11. Oct. 1890 · za Rud. Star.» The Adnotatio column says where each daughter went — «Kersanum», «u Š. Ivan», «u Šterni», «u Keršanu».
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069447, Gologorica Status Animarum 1862. The household of «Defranceschi Leonardus». His first wife «Maria n. Flegar», born 4 April 1842, has a death in the Obitus column — 28 September 1882. Beneath her children comes «Maria Udovičić II. uxor» — second wife — born 28 September 1857, with 3 April 1883 in the Matrimonii column, six months after the first wife's death. The next child is entered «Antonius Leopoldus filius EX II. VOTIS» — of the second marriage — born 29 January 1884, and after him «Rosa filia», born 1 April 1886 with the same date again in the Obitus column: she died the day she was born. This archive held Leonardus, both Marias and Antonius Leopoldus as separate rows; the phrase «ex II. votis» appears nowhere else in its data, and nothing joined them.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069446, Gologorica Status Animarum 1862. Top, the parent household: «Defranceschi Antonius», cives, born 14 April 1814, died 6 January 1893, with «Ex Italia (Carnia)» in the Adnotatio — the register's own statement of where this family came from — married 25 February 1840 to «Francisca ux. n. Defranceschi», born 3 February 1819, died 8 February 1892, whose Adnotatio reads «Gallignanensis». Their children follow, three of whom matter here: Joannes Bapt. (b. 1842, d. 9 Sept 1880), Franciscus (b. 1854, m. 5 Febr. 1883, d. 9 Apr. 1884) and Antonius (b. 3 Febr. 1855, m. 26 Oct. 1887, «za Ružo Defranceschi n. Salamon»). Their sister Theresia carries «sordo-muta»; their sister Maria «ad Lindarum N.º 13». Bottom, the facing page, household 6: «Joannes Bapt. Defranceschi» marked «I. vir», and «Rosa uxor n. Salamon», born 13 Aug 1854, died 17/6 1898, whose Matrimonii cell carries three numbered dates — 18 Febr. 1878, 5 Febr. 1883, 26 Oct. 1887. Below, in the clerk's own words, «Defranceschi Antonius ex p. 14 · Antonii, III. vir Rosae n. Salamon» — Antonius, third husband of Rosa née Salamon. Her son by the first marriage, Ernestus Victor, was born 4 Febr. 1879 and died 8 Febr. 1890; her daughter Maria Luizia was born «a Gollignana» on 12 September 1880, three days after her father died.
DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069464, Gologorica Status Animarum 1862 — two Bubić households on facing pages, each with a Grah wife, neither of whom the book's own family index can see. Top: «Franciscus Bubić», rusticus, born 31 July 1842, married 18 June 1869, died 7 April 1908; «Rosalia ux. n. GRAH-MISSAN», born 13 May 1845, whose Adnotatio reads «e Cerovglie N.º 12» — out of Cerovlje, house 12; their son Franciscus born 19 November 1869. Bottom: «Joannes fil. Joannis et Dominicae», born 14 May 1833, died 15 February 1909, with «Marianna ux. n. GRAH-JOPAN», born 19 September 1834, married 22 January 1861, died 19 August 1870; and after her «Oliva ux. 2da n. Crismanić». GRAH-JOPAN is a compound form this archive had never met — beside Grah-Mišan, a second Grah byname. And the Cerovlje status animarum, swept end to end on 10 October, carries Grah at houses 18, 19, 23, 38 and 53, not 12, and marries its Grah daughters into Držetić, Dujanić, Šepuka, Opašić, Krošnjak and Lušetić — not Bubić.
DAPA ZM34K-214. Top, M01069496: the catalogue card for «MATIČNA KNJIGA UMRLIH 1784-1880, SIGNATURA: 5.2», whose NAPOMENA reads «NA KRAJU KNJIGE NALAZI SE KAZALO IMENA» — at the end of the book is an index of names. Middle, M01069499: «KRAJ» — the end of reel 214 — with the filming particulars, «SNIMLJENO U SREDIŠNJEM FOTOLABORATORIJU HRVATSKOG DRŽAVNOG ARHIVA U ZAGREBU, Kamera br. 1, Snimatelj: Vrban Božidar, Datum snimanja 21.10.04». Bottom, M01069503: on reel 215, immediately after its «POČETAK» card, the title card «STATUS ANIMARUM 1862, SIGNATURA: 7.2» — restating the book that began at M01069436 and runs across the join. Between M01069490 and M01069498 reel 214 repeats every title card it carried: signatura 3.3 (births 1770-1781, deaths 1770-1789, marriages 1770-1789), 5.1 (deaths 1646-1806), 5.2 (deaths 1784-1880), 7.1 (Status Animarum 1826) and 7.2 (Status Animarum 1862).
DAPA ZM34K-214, Gologorica Status Animarum 1862, three bands. Top (M01069446), the household of «Defranceschi Antonius», cives, born 14 Apr. 1814, died 6 Jan. 1893, married 25 Feb. 1840 to «Francisca ux. n. Defranceschi», born 3 Feb. 1819, died 8 Febr. 1892 — with a byname written diagonally across the rule above his name: «Osvaldo». This is the household whose Adnotatio reads «Ex Italia (Carnia)» and whose wife is «Gallignanensis». Middle (M01069577), the loose «Ordo alfabeticus familiarum» slip under D: «Defranceschi-Carmel Ant. et Franca», page 10, with a second byname «Defranceschi-Tito» written smaller beneath. At seven times magnification the first byname carries a dot above its minims, which would make it «Carniel», the Carnian — a reading drafted as a correction to this archive's transcription and then withdrawn, because the bynames around it, Osvaldo and Tito, are personal names, which is how an Istrian household byname is ordinarily formed; Carmelo belongs to that set and Carniel does not. The dot is recorded, not explained away. Bottom (M01069542): «Aloysius Defranceschi», mercator, born 4 Maji 1832, and in the Matrimonii contracti column, braced across him and his wife Joanna née Udovičić, «25. Nov. 1870» — the exact date this archive's family tree recorded as his DEATH, and withdrew earlier the same day for want of any burial entry.
DAPA ZM34K-214, Gologorica Status Animarum 1894. This book does not list households and stop: under each head it sets out «Filii», «Filiae», «Fratres», «Sorores», «Parentes», and — where the wife had married before — «Liberi … ex I/II thalamo», her children by each earlier husband. Top (M01069590): «Defranceschi Antonius, III vir Rosae n. Salamon», with Filii Ferdinandus Romanus, Aloysius Joannes and HECTOR; Filiae Estella Ida and Ida-Rosa; then «Liberi Rosae ex I th.: Maria, Luigia» and «Liberi Rosae ex II thal.: Angela, Maria» — Ruža's children by the two Defranceschi brothers she married before this one. Middle (M01069585), from the household of Franciscus and Clotilda née Ortis: «Clotilda, Maria, filia Valentini Marcolini e Beatricis n. Defranceschi», born 15 January 1894 — which names the husband that the 1862 book could only abbreviate to «za Ang. Val.» Bottom (M01069591): «Defranceschi Leonardus» with «Maria II ux. n. Udovičić», his five sons by the second marriage — Leopoldus Antonius, Petrus, Romanus, Victor, Aemilius Ernestus — his two daughters by it, and «Filius Leonardi ex I thal.: Joannes Aloysius», by Maria née Flegar.
DAPA ZM34K-214, Gologorica Status Animarum 1894. Top (M01069740): a ruled register headed STATUS ANIMARUM whose columns run Nrus progress. · Nrus domus · NOMEN ET COGNOMEN · Pagus · Nativitatis (dies, mensis, annus) · «EXTREMA UNCTIO» (dies, mensis, annus) · Confessus · Communicans. It records last rites by year — 1907 with eleven entries, 1908 with ten, 1909 with two — each person given a house, a hamlet and a full date of birth. Extreme unction is administered at the point of death, so this is the nearest thing to a death register the archive has for the years after the 1784–1880 volume ends; no Defranceschi appears in it. Middle (M01069671): two Defranceschi households, «Aloysius» with «Joanna n. Udovičić» and their children Aloysius-Arturus, Armella-Elvana-Aurelia, Gisella-Elvira and Ersilia-Maria; and beneath, «Defranceschi Aloysius, mercator» with «Albina ux. n. Lovrinović» and their daughters Norina and Elda-Maria. Bottom (M01069687): under the heading Gologorica, «Celentich Josephus», ludimagister, with «Lambertina Lina n. Defranceschi» and their daughters Gemma Maria and Alice Clotildis Carolina.
Top two bands, DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069464, the Gologorica Status Animarum of 1862, at one magnification and in one hand. The first band is «Joannes», whose capital J loops wide at the top left and descends below the line with a leftward tail. The second is the disputed word, «Marianna ux. n. Grah-?pan»: the letter after the hyphen has a straighter, taller ascender than that J, and the word runs off into the column rule so its ending cannot be read at all. This archive published it as «Grah-Jopan» on 11 October; the reading is withdrawn to an open question. Bottom band, DAPA ZM34K-214, M01068790, the Cerovlje Status Animarum, house 12 — the house Rosalia née Grah-Missan gave as her origin when she married into Gologorica in 1869. It is an Opašić household: «Opašić Thomas def. Antonii», born 21 December 1846, with «Margaritha n. Dujanić», and below him his son «Opašić Benjamin fil. Thomae» with «Dominica n. Gržić». A pencil «Opassi» sits above the second heading, the Italianised form imposed by prefectoral decree.
Top, DAPA ZM34K-214, M01069287, page 115 of the Gologorica death register, «Liber Mortuorum Parochiæ Gologoricensis anni 1870»: «1870 Augusti 19na · 25 · MARIANNA BUBIĆ, agla, munita SS. Sacramentis, et sepulta die 20. hujus · 35 · Hydropisia», signed Blasius Zwölber, parochus. This is the Marianna whom the 1862 status animarum enters as «ux. n. Grah-?pan», born 19 September 1834 — the age of 35 at death in August 1870 closes on it. The burial register confirms her death to the day and gives her cause, her house and her priest, and it gives her surname as BUBIĆ: a woman who marries in is entered under her husband in the death book exactly as she is in the household index, so the one register that might have settled her father's name does not carry it. Bottom, M01068796, Cerovlje house 18 — «Grah Mathias def. Mathiae» and his son «Grah Matthaeus fil. Mathiae», with the pencil «Gracco ver. Grah» above the second heading. The Cerovlje Grah of houses 18, 19 and 23 are plain «Grah» with no second element, so that hand cannot settle the compound either.
DAPA ZM34K-214, the Gologorica baptism register. Top and middle, page 126 (M01069140), the Patrini column for the year 1864, two entries three months apart in one hand: «Joannes Bubich» with «MARIANNA n. GRAH-MISSAN», godparents on 7 May; and «Josephus Udovichich» with «ROSA GRAH-ŽIPAN», godparents on 22 September. Bottom, M01069137, the Mater column: «Joannes Bubich, agr.» with «MARIANA GRAH-MISSAN» — the same Marianna entered as a mother, so the baptism register carries her maiden surname where her burial entry gave only her husband's. This archive published the second compound as «Grah-Jopan» on 11 October and withdrew the reading the same day on the ground that the initial did not match the scribe's J. It is confirmed here as Ž or Š followed by i-p-a-n: the word is «Žipan», the Croatian ŽUPAN, a village headman — and this archive already holds «Mattia uxor Suppani Joannis Grach» at Gračišće, the wife of Suppanus Joannes Grach, who held that office.
DAPA ZM34K-214, the Gologorica baptism register, the «Infans» column where a later hand wrote into entries decades after the event. Top (M01069142): «Extr. za ženidbu 14/11 89 br. 68» — an extract issued for MARRIAGE on 14 November 1889, protocol number 68, written under a child baptised in the 1860s. The Gologorica marriage register on these reels stops in February 1788, so a note of this kind places a marriage the register itself cannot. Middle and bottom (M01069123 and M01069122): the same column carrying death crosses — «† 27.VIII.1923», «† 4/11 1919», «† 10/12 99», «† 20.XII.1917», «† 20.8.1918», «† 24/2 901», and on neighbouring frames «† 23.X.1913», «† 10/VIII 1920», «† 27/2 1935», «† 21/12 1905» and one reaching «† 23/IV/1954». The death register on these reels ends 23 January 1880. Both of the books missing from this film have a partial substitute written into the margins of the one book that survives.
DAPA ZM34K-214, the Gologorica Status Animarum of 1826, the «Nrus. Domus» column. Top two bands, M01069349 and M01069350 at five times magnification: «21» over a short rule over «48», and «23» over a short rule over «48». The SAME lower figure stands under two different upper figures, on two different pages, against two different households — «Joannes Opassich haeres Runco» and «Joannes Rythno def. Josephi». If both figures were house numbers under two systems, as this archive concluded on 6 October, that cannot happen: one old house cannot be two new ones unless it was split, and 21 and 23 are not adjacent. Bottom two bands, M01069333 and M01069341 at page scale: house 7, «Franciscus Xaverius Defranceschi» with «Clotilda uxor Ortis filia Joannis et Franciscae»; and house 34, «Leonardus Defranceschi». Those two numbers are single, unpaired and unambiguous.
Ližnjan «Liber Copulatorum», page 1, the second marriage the book ever records. «12 Novembre 1815», house 17: «Mario de Franceschi deto Marulin di Antonio», catolico, Ætas 21, celibes, to «Maddalena Percouich di Antonio», Ætas 27. Witnesses Giacomo Bubich di Iseppo, Antonio Clunich di Stefano, Gregorio Iucopila. Twenty-one in 1815 means born about 1794; his father is Antonio. The entry above, «Gregorio Runan di anni 32 q. Michel», is included deliberately: it shows the same hand giving every d a tall ascender, which is how «deto Marulin» was settled as a byname and not the place Madolin.
Ližnjan «Liber Defunctorum», page 93. «Addì 20 Xbre 1839», house 17 — the house he married into in 1815 — «Mattio Franceschi d.to Marulin, agr.», Cattolico, Maschio, «ann. 40». The byname is written on him a second time, in a different book and a different hand, which closes the reading that nearly made «Marulin» into «Madolin»: a place does not follow a man to his grave as a «detto». His age does not agree with itself — 21 in 1815, 40 in 1839 — and neither figure is corrected here. ⚠ This entry sits at 0.52 of the page height and was missed entirely by a scout whose crop stopped at 0.46.
Ližnjan «Liber Copulatorum», page 22, entry 168. «1 Junii 1861», house 59: «Antonius Defranceski q. Matthæi, agr.», Ætas 41, Viduus — to «Fosca nata Lazarić q. Simeonis, V[idu]a q. Antonii Mohorić agr., nata e Medolino». Both were widowed, which is why she appears in no earlier Defranceschi entry: before 1861 she was a Mohorić. He is forty-one and «q. Matthæi», so born about 1820 — the baptism book has an Antonio born 15 September 1819 at house 17 to the couple of the 1815 marriage. And the surname is written «Defranceski», with the modern -ski, in 1861.
Ližnjan «Liber Defunctorum», page 67, entries 5 and 6 of 1875. The scribe wrote them as a single entry with a brace, the parents, the cause and the priest set down once across both rows: «mortua die 22 Febr., sepulta die 23 ejusdem, 1875», house 61, «Maria» and «Anastasia» of «Gregorii Defranceschi» and «Mariæ Vojnić», agr. Both rows carry «nat. 20/2 75» and an age of «dies 3», cause «ordin.». Born the same day, dead the same day, buried the same day, bracketed by the hand that wrote them. This archive had held them as two unrelated children who happened to share a year.
Ližnjan «Liber Baptizatorum», page 56, entry 22 of 1879, house 61: «Magdalena Justina — nat. 3. Octobr. curr., hora circ. 3 pomer.», of «Gregorius Defranceschi» and «Maria Vojnić». Beside it, in Croatian and a much later hand: «Umrla u Ližnjanu dana 18. V. 1952 (mat. knj. umrlih str. 36 d. 2/52 Ližnjan.)» — died at Ližnjan 18 May 1952, with the death register's own page and entry cited. The tree's bare «1952» is now a date. Note also the small «Anagr. p. 305 III.7» against the entry: a Status Animarum reference, carried against every baptism on the page.
Ližnjan «Liber Defunctorum», page 119. «21. Decembris» 1896, house 3, Anagr. II. 85: «Josephus Defranceski, Matthæi servi», cathol., mascol., «20 mens.», of «angina». Twenty months old, so born about April 1895. Two things: the -ski ending the family uses today, written by the parish itself; and «servi» — his father is a servant, where the Matthæus of this same house 3 was an «agricola» in 1870. Whether that is the same man or his son is not settled.
Nothing of that kind.
What is here and what is not
Seventeen photographs, three camp portraits, five pages of the Gračišće parish books with the archive's letters that released them, and the working papers of a family in Württemberg between 1941 and 1950. Nothing on this page was found on the open web; all of it was either kept by the family or bought, page by page, from an archive.
Faces of people who may be living are not published, and the children entered on the camp cards as enfant are named nowhere on this site.
If you hold more
A photograph with a name and a decade attached is worth more than a chart. Studio marks on the back of a print name the town; a uniform names the army; a dress names the decade to within about five years. Send what you have.
The full bibliography, with what each source gave and where it is weak →